![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/cern_deneyi-280x163.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Nobel Komitesi, bir saatlik gecikme ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda, 1964 y\u0131l\u0131nda birbirlerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n nas\u0131l k\u00fctle kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan Englert ile Higgs’in 2013 Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’n\u00fc payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti.<\/p>\n
Englert ve Higgs’in 49 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc teori, 2012’de \u0130svi\u00e7re’nin Cenevre kentindeki Avrupa N\u00fckleer Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi (CERN) bilim adamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc getiren kuram, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n nas\u0131l meydana geldi\u011fini tan\u0131mlayan par\u00e7ac\u0131k fizi\u011finin Standart Model’inin ana par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Standart Model’e g\u00f6re \u00e7i\u00e7eklerden insana, y\u0131ld\u0131zlardan gezegenlere her \u015fey, madde par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131ndan meydana geliyor. Bu par\u00e7ac\u0131klar ise her \u015feyin olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan g\u00fc\u00e7 par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla y\u00f6netiliyor.<\/p>\n
Standart Model, ayn\u0131 zamanda Higgs ya da Tanr\u0131 Par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak bilinen \u00f6zel bir par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dayan\u0131yor. Bu par\u00e7ac\u0131k, t\u00fcm uzay\u0131 kaplayan g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez bir alandan t\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Model’e g\u00f6re Higgs Par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmadan hi\u00e7bir \u015fey var olam\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Higgs Par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez alanla temas\u0131, par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n k\u00fctle kazanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. Englert ve Higgs’in ortaya koydu\u011fu kuram, bu s\u00fcreci a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
CERN laboratuvar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan deneyler sonucu Higgs Par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 4 Temmuz 2012’de do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 14 milyar y\u0131l \u00f6nce evrenin do\u011fumuna yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131lan B\u00fcy\u00fck Patlama ortam\u0131n\u0131 yaratmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan 10 milyar dolar tutar\u0131ndaki deney s\u0131ras\u0131nda proton \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131, 27 kilometrelik t\u00fcneli \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131yla ge\u00e7erek birbiriyle \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Higgs Par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan CERN’deki B\u00fcy\u00fck Hadron \u00c7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 (BH\u00c7), insano\u011flu taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilen en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en karma\u015f\u0131k makine olarak biliniyor.<\/p>\n
Higgs Par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Standart Model, kozmik bilmeceyi \u00e7\u00f6zmeye yetmiyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Model, evrendeki t\u00fcm maddelerin sadece be\u015fte birini a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliyor. Evrenin gizeminin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in be\u015fte d\u00f6rd\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan karanl\u0131k maddenin ke\u015ffedilmesi gerekiyor.<\/p>\n
– Fran\u00e7ois Englert<\/p>\n
Bel\u00e7ika’n\u0131n Etterbeetk kentinde 1932’de do\u011fan Englert, 1959’da mezun oldu\u011fu Br\u00fcksel’deki Universite Libre de Bruxelles’den emekli oldu. Englert, i\u015f arkada\u015f\u0131 Robert Brout ile haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Par\u00e7ac\u0131k Kuram\u0131 ile bir\u00e7ok \u00f6d\u00fcl kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n
– Peter W. Higgs<\/p>\n
\u0130ngiltere’nin Newcastle kentinde 1929 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00fcnyaya gelen Higgs, 1960’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda temel par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n k\u00fctlesinin k\u00f6kenini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ile \u00fcn kazand\u0131. Higgs, Edinburgh \u00dcniversitesi’nden emekli oldu.<\/p>\n
– Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc<\/p>\n
1901 ve 2012 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 106 kez Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc verildi. Toplam 193 ki\u015fiye lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00f6d\u00fcllerden 30’u 2 ki\u015fi, 29’u ise 3 ki\u015fi aras\u0131nda payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’ne 1956 ve 1972 y\u0131llar\u0131nda lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen John Bardeen, ayn\u0131 dalda iki kez Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc kazanan tek bilim adam\u0131 olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ti. 1903 ve 1911’de Nobel’e lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen Marie Curie, ilk \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc fizik, ikinci \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc ise kimya alan\u0131nda alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’n\u00fc \u015fimdiye kadar sadece iki kad\u0131n kazand\u0131: Marie Curie (1903) ve Maria Goeppert-Mayer (1963).<\/p>\n
Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’n\u00fc alan en gen\u00e7 bilim adam\u0131 Lawrence Bragg oldu. Babas\u0131 William Bragg ile 1915’te Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’ne lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen Lawrence, \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc kucaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sadece 25 ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131. Lawrence Bragg, hala en gen\u00e7 Nobel sahibi unvan\u0131n\u0131 elinde tutuyor.<\/p>\n
Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc verilen en ya\u015fl\u0131 bilim adam\u0131 ise 2002’de 88 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken \u00f6d\u00fcle lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen Raymond Davis Jr. oldu.<\/p>\n
Fizik, aile \u00fcyelerinin en \u00e7ok Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 alan. 1903’de Marie ve Pierre Curie \u00e7ifti Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’ne lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. 1915’teki \u00f6d\u00fcl William Bragg ile o\u011flu Lawrence Bragg’a verildi. 1922 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc sahibi Niels Bohr’un o\u011flu Aage N. Bohr, ayn\u0131 mutlulu\u011fu 1975’te tatt\u0131. Manne Siegbahn, 1924’te, o\u011flu Kai M. Siegbahn ise 1981’de Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’ne lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Thomson ailesi de 2 Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’ne sahip. Baba J. J. Thomson’a 1906’da, o\u011flu George Paget Thomson’a ise 1937’de Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc verildi.<\/p>\n
-Nobel Fizik Madalyas\u0131<\/p>\n
Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’n\u00fc kazananlara \u00f6d\u00fcllerinin takdim edildi\u011fi ak\u015fam bir de \u0130sve\u00e7li heykelt\u0131ra\u015f ve grav\u00fcrc\u00fc Erik Lindberg taraf\u0131ndan tasarlanan madalya veriliyor.<\/p>\n
\u0130sve\u00e7 Kraliyet Bilim Akademisi’nin madalyas\u0131na M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 \u0130sis’e benzeyen bir do\u011fa tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 i\u015flenmi\u015f. Bulutlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan tanr\u0131\u00e7a, kollar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bereketi simgeleyen bir boynuz tutuyor. Madalyada tanr\u0131\u00e7an\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6rten pe\u00e7eyi ise “Bilim’in Dahisi” a\u00e7\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Madalyaya ayn\u0131 zamanda Vergilius’un Aeneid adl\u0131 eserinden “Inventas vitam juvat excoluisse per artes” ifadesi kaz\u0131nm\u0131\u015f. Latince ifade, “Yeni bulu\u015flar, sanatla g\u00fczelle\u015fen hayat\u0131 daha da zengin k\u0131lar” anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n
– 2001’den bu yana Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’ne lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclenler:<\/p>\n
2001: Eric Cornell (ABD), Wolfgang Ketterle (Almanya), Carl Wieman (ABD)<\/p>\n
2002: Raymond Davis (ABD), Masatoshi Koshiba (Japonya), Riccardo Giacconi (ABD)<\/p>\n
2003: Alexei Abrikosov (Rusya-ABD), Vitaly Ginzburg (Rusya), Anthony Leggett (\u0130ngiltere-ABD)<\/p>\n
2004: David J. Gross (ABD), H. David Politzer (ABD), Frank Wilczek (ABD)<\/p>\n
2005: Roy J. Glauber (ABD), John L. Hall (ABD), Theodor Haensch (Almanya)<\/p>\n
2006: John C. Mather (ABD), George F. Smoot (ABD)<\/p>\n
2007: Albert Fert (Fransa), Peter Gr\u00fcnberg (Almanya)<\/p>\n
2008: Makoto Kobaya\u015fi ile To\u015fihide Maskawa (Japonya) ve Yoichiro Nambu (ABD)<\/p>\n
2009: Charles K. Kao, Willard S. Boyle ve George E. Smith (ABD)<\/p>\n
2010: Andre Geim (Hollanda) ile Konstantin Novoselov (\u0130ngiltere)<\/p>\n
2011: Saul Perlmutter, Brian Schmidt ve Adam Riess (ABD)<\/p>\n
2012: David Wineland (ABD) ve Serge Haroche (Fransa)<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Maddeye k\u00fctlesini verdi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen ve Higgs Bozonu ad\u0131 verilen atomalt\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapan Bel\u00e7ikal\u0131 fizik\u00e7i Fran\u00e7ois Englert ile \u0130ngiliz bilim adam\u0131 Peter W. Higgs, bu y\u0131lki Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’ne lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":177009,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6665,6155,5005,6224,220816],"tags":[125553,863,555,5314],"class_list":["post-150054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunya","category-gundem","category-manset","category-teknoloji","category-uzak-dogu","tag-higgs-bozonu","tag-japonya","tag-nobel-fizik-odulu","tag-nobel-odulleri"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=150054"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150054\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/177009"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=150054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=150054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=150054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}