{"id":151354,"date":"2013-10-30T10:44:36","date_gmt":"2013-10-30T08:44:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/?p=151354"},"modified":"2013-10-30T10:44:36","modified_gmt":"2013-10-30T08:44:36","slug":"yilin-kesfi-istanbulda-hitit-izlerine-rastlandi-151354","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/yilin-kesfi-istanbulda-hitit-izlerine-rastlandi-151354\/","title":{"rendered":"Y\u0131l\u0131n ke\u015ffi: \u0130stanbul’da Hitit izlerine rastland\u0131!"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Hititler<\/h1>\n

Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131nda ilk kez Hitit izlerine rastland\u0131. Y\u0131l\u0131n ke\u015ffi olarak nitelendirilen ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re \u0130stanbul K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece’deki kaz\u0131larda Hititler’den kalma eserler bulundu.<\/h1>\n

Radikal Gazetesi’nden \u00d6mer Erbil’in haberine g\u00f6re, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece G\u00f6l\u00fc havzas\u0131 i\u00e7indeki Bathonea antik kent kaz\u0131lar\u0131nda bulunan erken Hitit, di\u011fer ad\u0131yla \u2018Hurri izleri\u2019, y\u0131l\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ke\u015ffi olarak nitelendiriliyor. K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 izniyle devam eden kaz\u0131lardaki bu ke\u015fifle, Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131nda ilk defa Hitit izlerine rastland\u0131. K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm Bakan\u0131 \u00d6mer \u00c7elik, \u201c \u0130stanbul \u2019un ayd\u0131nlanmay\u0131 bekleyen bir d\u00f6nemini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yoruz\u201d dedi. Tanr\u0131 ve tanr\u0131\u00e7a olarak iki ayr\u0131 yerde ele ge\u00e7en demir heykelcikler, Kaz\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Yrd. Do\u00e7. Dr. \u015eeng\u00fcl Ayd\u0131ng\u00fcn\u2019\u00fc heyecanland\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cMezopotamya orijinli eserler \u0130stanbul\u2019un karanl\u0131k d\u00f6nemi olarak bilinen M.\u00d6. 17 ve 15. y\u00fczy\u0131llar\u0131na tarihlenmektedir. M.\u00d6. 2000\u2019e tarihlenen yine Mezopotamya kaynakl\u0131 bit\u00fcmen (zift), kalay ve seramik par\u00e7alar\u0131 da ele ge\u00e7ti.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019daki arkeolojik kaz\u0131lar \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtmaya devam ediyor. Yenikap\u0131 ve Pendik\u2019teki neolitik d\u00f6nem bulgular\u0131ndan sonra K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece G\u00f6l\u00fc havzas\u0131nda devam eden \u2018Bathonea\u2019 kaz\u0131s\u0131nda Hurrilerin \u0130stanbul\u2019da izlerine rastland\u0131. Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131nda Hurri yani erken Hitit izlerine ilk defa rastlan\u0131yor. Son y\u0131llar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli ke\u015ffi olarak nitelendirilen buluntular, arkeoloji d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 aya\u011fa kald\u0131racak nitelikte.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki Hurri fig\u00fcrini, bit\u00fcmen (zift, petrol\u00fcn ham hali), kalay buluntular\u0131 ve seramik par\u00e7alar\u0131 M.\u00d6. 1800\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llara yani erken Hitit d\u00f6nemine tarihleniyor. Bit\u00fcmen sadece Mezopotamya\u2019da \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve gemilerin su ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fini engelliyor. Uzak deniz ticareti bu sayede geli\u015fiyor. Petrol sadece bu b\u00f6lgede \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bit\u00fcmenin ba\u015fka b\u00f6lgelere ta\u015f kal\u0131p halinde ticareti yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Kalay, Tun\u00e7 \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda alt\u0131ndan bile \u00e7ok de\u011ferli. Kaz\u0131larda k\u00fcp i\u00e7inde rastlanan kalay, fig\u00fcrinlerin \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde bulundu. Kalay\u0131n da Asurlular taraf\u0131ndan ticaretinin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. Ayr\u0131ca bu y\u0131lki kaz\u0131larda ayn\u0131 yerde 301 tane de \u2018Unguanterium\u2019 denilen kutsal su, merhem ya da parf\u00fcm i\u00e7in imal edilmi\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck pi\u015fmi\u015f toprak \u015fi\u015feler ele ge\u00e7irildi. M.S. 5-6. y\u00fczy\u0131llar aras\u0131nda \u00fcretilen bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u015fi\u015feler ilk defa bir kaz\u0131da bu kadar \u00e7ok bir arada bulundu.<\/p>\n

K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece G\u00f6l\u00fc etraf\u0131nda kaz\u0131lar 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczey ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n izni ve \u0130stanbul Valili\u011fi\u2019nin maddi deste\u011fiyle 2009\u2019da Bakanlar Kurulu karar\u0131yla Yrd. Do\u00e7. \u015eeng\u00fcl Ayd\u0131ng\u00fcn ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bilimsel kaz\u0131lara \u00e7evrildi. D\u00f6rt y\u0131lda \u0130stanbul\u2019un bilinmeyen pek \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli yap\u0131s\u0131 ile ayd\u0131nlanmay\u0131 bekleyen konular g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ancak bu y\u0131lki buluntular kaz\u0131 ekibini bile \u00e7ok \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtt\u0131. Bazilikal tipte bir dini yap\u0131n\u0131n temelleri kaz\u0131l\u0131rken bulunan Hurri tipi tanr\u0131\u00e7a heykelci\u011fi, 5.4 cm boyunda ve 14 gram. Demirden ve \u00f6zel kal\u0131pla \u00fcretildi\u011fi san\u0131lan heykelcik y\u00fczy\u0131llar i\u00e7inde korozyona u\u011fram\u0131\u015f. \u0130kinci heykelcik ise 6.1 cm boyunda, 11 gram. Erkek tanr\u0131 heykeli de d\u00f6k\u00fcm tekni\u011fiyle \u00fcretilmi\u015f.
\nKap\u0131 e\u015fiklerinde, yap\u0131 temellerinde, ocak altlar\u0131nda ele ge\u00e7en bu t\u00fcr eserler yap\u0131 adak heykelci\u011fi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. \u0130\u00e7lerinde nikel olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirlendi\u011finden meteor demiri de\u011fil, cevherden kazan\u0131lan demirden \u00fcretildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. En erken \u00f6rnekleri G\u00fcney Mezopotamya\u2019da M.\u00d6. 3000 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Erhanedanlar d\u00f6neminde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu gelenek M.\u00d6. 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131na kadar devam etti. T\u00fcrkiye \u2019deki kaz\u0131larda benzer \u00f6rnekleri G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu \u2019da Alalah, Tilmen H\u00f6y\u00fck ve Zincirli Oylum H\u00f6y\u00fck\u2019te bulundu.<\/p>\n

K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm Bakan\u0131 \u00d6mer \u00c7elik: \u00dclkemiz pek \u00e7ok medeniyete ev sahipli\u011fi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dczerinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z topraklar tarih a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a bereketlidir. \u0130stanbul\u2019da Hitit izlerinin bulunmas\u0131 ve bunun ilk defa ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 da bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bizi \u00e7ok memnun etti. Kaz\u0131larda bulunan iki fig\u00fcrin Hitit ve Hurri d\u00f6nemine ait. Bu izler bizi 4 bin y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyor. \u0130stanbul\u2019un ayd\u0131nlanmay\u0131 bekleyen bir d\u00f6nemini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yoruz. Gelecek y\u0131lki kaz\u0131lar i\u00e7in daha da heyecanlan\u0131yor ve umutlan\u0131yoruz. Bu arkeolojik kaz\u0131lar\u0131n turizme de olumlu katk\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131ndan hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkum yok. Kaz\u0131lara b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ve destek veriyoruz. Bu y\u0131l 30 milyon liran\u0131n \u00fczerinde destek sa\u011flad\u0131k. Tarihi ayd\u0131nlatan bu \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara desteklerimiz artarak devam edecek. Elde edilen yeni verilerle \u0130stanbul\u2019un ve Anadolu\u2019nun k\u00fclt\u00fcrel derinli\u011finde yeni bir sayfa a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu. Bu heyecan\u0131 herkesle payla\u015f\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul \u0130l K\u00fclt\u00fcr Turizm M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Prof. Dr. Ahmet Emre Bilgili: 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczey ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in geldi\u011fimizde her yer \u00e7al\u0131l\u0131k ve a\u011fa\u00e7l\u0131kt\u0131. Bu g\u00fcnleri g\u00f6rece\u011fimizi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 ummuyordum. Ancak hocam\u0131za g\u00fcvendik, destekledik. Say\u0131n Bakan\u0131m\u0131z ve Say\u0131n Valimize te\u015fekk\u00fcr ediyoruz. Onlar\u0131n deste\u011fi ile \u0130stanbul yeni bir tarihi yar\u0131madaya kavu\u015ftu. Hurrilerin \u0130stanbul\u2019da izlerinin bulunmas\u0131 ve bunun bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ilk defa ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 bu kaz\u0131n\u0131n ne denli \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. Hititlerin Avrupa\u2019da bulunan ilk izlerine ula\u015fmak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ke\u015fif. Gelecek y\u0131lki kaz\u0131lar i\u00e7in daha da heyecanlan\u0131yor ve umutlan\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n

Kaz\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Yrd. Do\u00e7. Dr. \u015eeng\u00fcl Ayd\u0131ng\u00fcn: Biz 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019un tarih\u00f6ncesi \u00e7a\u011flar ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131k. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Pendik\u2019ten, Fikirtepe\u2019den, Yar\u0131mburgaz\u2019dan ve Marmaray kaz\u0131lar\u0131ndan, ilk neolitik topluluklar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz. Bu topluluklar\u0131n 1000-1500 y\u0131l kadar izleri kalm\u0131\u015f. Onlar\u0131n izleri kaybolduktan sonra ise M.\u00d6. 7. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Yunanistan\u2019dan gelen Megaral\u0131lar\u0131n kurdu\u011fu Kalkedon (Kad\u0131k\u00f6y) ve \u0130stanbul\u2019un merkezindeki Bizantiyon kentlerini biliyoruz. Arada b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kronolojik bo\u015fluk var. Yunanistan\u2019da Mikenler, Akalar, Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019da Arzava, Orta Anadolu\u2019da Hititler, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu\u2019ya do\u011fru Hurriler, Asurlar, M\u0131s\u0131r devletlerinin bulundu\u011fu bir d\u00f6nem M.\u00d6. 2000 ve bu d\u00f6neme ait \u0130stanbul\u2019da hi\u00e7bir iz yok. Kronolojik olarak karanl\u0131k bir d\u00f6nem var. Buldu\u011fumuz iki fig\u00fcrin \u00e7ok tipik erken Hitit ve Hurri d\u00f6nemine ait diyebildi\u011fimiz heykelcikler. \u0130stanbul\u2019da ilk defa bu d\u00f6neme ait heykelcikler bulundu. Hitit izleri en bat\u0131da \u0130zmir ve Troya\u2019da ele ge\u00e7mi\u015fti, Trakya\u2019da ilk defa bulundu. \u0130ki fig\u00fcrinin yan\u0131nda Mezopotamya kaynakl\u0131 M.\u00d6. 2000\u2019li ba\u015fka izler de g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u00d6zellikle bit\u00fcmen toplulu\u011fu ele ge\u00e7ti, baz\u0131 kaplarda kalay bulundu. Butimen ham zifttir, Mezopotamya k\u00f6kenli. Kalay da Asurlular taraf\u0131ndan Uzakdo\u011fu\u2019dan getirildi ve Anadolu\u2019ya ihra\u00e7 ettiler.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131nda ilk kez Hitit izlerine rastland\u0131. Y\u0131l\u0131n ke\u015ffi olarak nitelendirilen ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re \u0130stanbul K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece’deki kaz\u0131larda Hititler’den kalma eserler bulundu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":151357,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6155,6221,5005,6805],"tags":[1011,10706,145007],"class_list":["post-151354","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem","category-kultur","category-manset","category-turkiye","tag-istanbul","tag-kucukcekmece","tag-mezopotamya"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/151354","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=151354"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/151354\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/151357"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=151354"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=151354"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=151354"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}