{"id":155378,"date":"2013-12-24T12:11:34","date_gmt":"2013-12-24T10:11:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/?p=155378"},"modified":"2013-12-24T12:11:34","modified_gmt":"2013-12-24T10:11:34","slug":"dunyada-yilin-ulkesi-uruguay-155378","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/dunyada-yilin-ulkesi-uruguay-155378\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnyada y\u0131l\u0131n \u00fclkesi: Uruguay"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"M\u00fctevaz\u0131
M\u00fctevaz\u0131 bir hayat s\u00fcren Uruguay Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Jose Mujica<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0130ngiltere’de yay\u0131mlanan The Economist dergisi, ‘Y\u0131l\u0131n en iyi \u00fclkesi’ni se\u00e7ti. Dergiye g\u00f6re y\u0131l\u0131n en iyi \u00fclkesi Uruguay…<\/h1>\n

Dergide yay\u0131mlanan makalede, marihuana bitkisinin yeti\u015ftirilmesini ve sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 serbest b\u0131rakan yakla\u015f\u0131k 3,5 milyon n\u00fcfuslu Uruguay’\u0131n di\u011fer \u00fclkeleri geride b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtildi.\u00a0Makalede, 2013’te Uruguay da dahil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkenin e\u015fcinsel evlilikleri yasal hale getirdi\u011fi, ancak Uruguay’\u0131n yasal esrara onay veren tek \u00fclke oldu\u011fu vurguland\u0131.\u00a0Marihuana bitkisinin yeti\u015ftirilmesini, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve t\u00fcketimini serbest b\u0131rakman\u0131n su\u00e7 gruplar\u0131n\u0131n aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kayd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, yetkililerin daha ciddi su\u00e7lara yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirtildi\u011fi makalede, d\u00fcnyada hi\u00e7bir \u00fclkenin bunu yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade edildi.<\/p>\n

Dergide, ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerin de Uruguay’\u0131 \u00f6rnek almas\u0131 halinde uyu\u015fturucu maddelerin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 zarar\u0131n azalt\u0131labilece\u011fi belirtildi.<\/p>\n

Makalede, Uruguay Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Jose Mujica’ya da \u00f6vg\u00fcler ya\u011fd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0Uruguay Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131’n\u0131 “Hayranl\u0131k uyand\u0131racak derecede al\u00e7akg\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc” olarak nitelendiren dergi, Mujica’n\u0131n, “Esrar\u0131n yasalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131” bir politikac\u0131da zor rastlan\u0131r samimiyetle “Tecr\u00fcbe” olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131.\u00a0Dergi, Mujica’n\u0131n 1987 model bir otomobille i\u015fine gitti\u011fine, ta\u015frada l\u00fcks olmayan bir evde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve ekonomi s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda seyahat etti\u011fine dikkati \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n

“M\u00fctevaz\u0131 ancak g\u00f6z\u00fc pek, ilerici ve e\u011flenmeyi seven Uruguay, bizim i\u00e7in y\u0131l\u0131n \u00fclkesi” denilen makale \u0130spanyolca “Tebrikler”le son buldu.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131l\u0131n \u00fclkesi Uruguay! \/ Radikal’den G\u00fcven Sak’\u0131n yaz\u0131s\u0131;<\/h2>\n

Mose Mujica 78 ya\u015f\u0131nda. Eski bir Tupamaros gerillas\u0131. Sava\u015fmaksa zaman\u0131nda sava\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Tam alt\u0131 kere polis kur\u015funuyla yaralanm\u0131\u015f. Hayat\u0131n\u0131n tam 14 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 bir askeri hapishanede yatarak ge\u00e7irmi\u015f. Bedel \u00f6demekse, bedel de \u00f6demi\u015f. Sonra 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda Uruguay devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na se\u00e7ilmi\u015f. \u015eimdilerde farkl\u0131 bir siyasi lider portresi \u00e7iziyor. Afras\u0131 tafras\u0131 yok. Etrafta g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc kirlili\u011fi yaratarak dola\u015fm\u0131yor. Yaln\u0131zca iki (rakamla 2) adet muhaf\u0131zla dola\u015f\u0131yor. \u015eehir d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kendisine ait bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck evde, e\u015fiyle birlikte ya\u015f\u0131yor. \u00d6yle saraylarda filan oturmuyor. Bir yerden bir yere giderken etraf\u0131nda binlerce ara\u00e7 siren \u00e7alarak d\u00f6nm\u00fcyor, yolu kesmiyor. Bir yerden bir yere giderken, kendi kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir eski VosVos\u2019u tercih ediyor. Mesela Hugo Chavez\u2019e hi\u00e7 benzemiyor. \u015eimdi bu Mujica\u2019n\u0131n y\u00f6netti\u011fi Uruguay, \u0130ngiliz The Economist dergisi taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131l\u0131n \u00fclkesi se\u00e7ildi. Ben \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Yanl\u0131\u015f anlamay\u0131n. \u015ea\u015f\u0131rmam\u0131n nedeni Uruguay\u2019\u0131n y\u0131l\u0131n \u00fclkesi se\u00e7ilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 de\u011fil. Hatta benim i\u00e7in ho\u015f bir s\u00fcrpriz oldu bu se\u00e7im. Daha birka\u00e7 hafta \u00f6nce Radikal\u2019de \u201cT\u00fcrkiye Uruguay kadar olamad\u0131\u201d diye yazd\u0131m. Uruguay ekonomisinin T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisinden daha iyi y\u00f6netildi\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. H\u00e2l\u00e2 da ayn\u0131 kan\u0131day\u0131m. \u015ea\u015f\u0131rmam\u0131n sebebi, bir medya kurulu\u015funun Uruguay gibi afras\u0131 tafras\u0131 olmayan bir \u00fclkeyi y\u0131l\u0131n \u00fclkesi se\u00e7mesiydi. Neden? Medya cafcaf\u0131 sever. Kocaman kocaman laflara bay\u0131l\u0131r. Tevazudan hi\u00e7 ho\u015flanmaz. Tam da o nedenle siyaset g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc bir bi\u00e7imde yap\u0131l\u0131r. Siyaset\u00e7i zaten kendisini ve de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fi acayip ciddiye alma e\u011filimindedir. Onsuz olunamayaca\u011f\u0131na inanma e\u011filimindedir. Medyan\u0131n cafcaf sevgisi siyaset\u00e7iyi bi\u00e7imlendirir. Etrafta dikkati \u00fcst\u00fcne \u00e7ekmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bu kadar cazg\u0131r varken, medyan\u0131n, sessiz sakin, kendi i\u015fini yapan Uruguay\u2019dan bahsetmesi beni elbette \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtt\u0131. \u201cHayrola, yoksa hakikaten yeni bir d\u00f6neme filan m\u0131 giriyoruz\u201d diye de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrtt\u00fc. Uruguay bir Latin Amerika \u00fclkesi. Brezilya\u2019n\u0131n tam alt\u0131nda, G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 5 Konya etmiyor, yakla\u015f\u0131k 177 bin kilometrekare. N\u00fcfusu ise yaln\u0131zca 3 milyon. \u015eeffafl\u0131k Derne\u011fi\u2019nin 2013 Yolsuzluk Alg\u0131s\u0131 Endeksi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 bunlar. Olmad\u0131, D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 K\u00fcresel Y\u00f6neti\u015fim G\u00f6stergeleri\u2019ne de bakabilirsiniz. Sonu\u00e7 hep ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Uruguay Bat\u0131\u2019ya, T\u00fcrkiye Do\u011fu\u2019ya aittir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi Ortado\u011fu\u2019dan ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in dikkatle bakmak gerekir. Biz bu \u00fclkede memleketin Avrupa \u00fclkesi gibi lanse edilmemesine sinir oluruz. Uruguay kural h\u00e2kimiyeti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den iyidir.<\/p>\n

Peki, Uruguay\u2019da r\u00fc\u015fvet ve yolsuzluk tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 olmaz m\u0131? Oluyor elbette. Yolsuzluk tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ne zaman olur? Kamu kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7ok harcand\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlarda olur. Hizmetin en yo\u011fun g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zamanlarda olur. Birileri bal tutuyor olacak ki parmak yalaman\u0131n bir manas\u0131 olsun. \u00d6yle de\u011fil mi canca\u011fz\u0131m? Neyse. Uruguay, ulusal havayolu \u015firketi PLUNA\u2019y\u0131 ge\u00e7en y\u0131l kapatmaya karar verdi. Zarar ediyordu. H\u00fck\u00fcmet meselenin \u00fczerine gitti. Sonra PLUNA\u2019n\u0131n u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6zel \u015firkete sat\u0131m\u0131nda yolsuzluk oldu\u011funa dair iddialar ortaya at\u0131ld\u0131. Ge\u00e7en cumartesi iddialar\u0131n hedefindeki Uruguay Ekonomi Bakan\u0131 Fernando Lorenzo ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z mahkemeler \u00f6n\u00fcnde aklan\u0131p g\u00f6revine d\u00f6nmek \u00fczere istifa etti. Lorenzo, 2010 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri g\u00f6rev yap\u0131yordu. Mujica bakan\u0131na g\u00fcveniyordu. Ba\u015fkan ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klama yapt\u0131: \u201cBen gerek yok dedim ama bakan\u0131m\u0131 ikna edemedim.\u201d<\/p>\n

Uruguay ekonomisini iyi y\u00f6neten ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir bakan, mahkemeye \u00e7\u0131kmak \u00fczere g\u00f6revini b\u0131rakt\u0131. Nedir Uruguay\u2019\u0131n iktisadi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131? Yine hat\u0131rlatay\u0131m. \u00dclkeler ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131yorlar: Cari i\u015flemler a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 veren \u00fclkeler ve cari i\u015flemler fazlas\u0131 veren \u00fclkeler. T\u00fcrkiye ve Uruguay ilk grupta. \u00c7in ve Kore ikinci grupta yer al\u0131yorlar. A\u00e7\u0131k veren \u00fclkeleri de kendi i\u00e7inde iki gruba ay\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. B\u00fcy\u00fcme volatilitesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olup istikrarl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde b\u00fcy\u00fcyenler ile b\u00fcy\u00fcme volatilitesi y\u00fcksek olup istikrars\u0131z bir bi\u00e7imde b\u00fcy\u00fcyenler. Uruguay ilk, T\u00fcrkiye ise ikinci grupta yer al\u0131yor. B\u00fcy\u00fcme volatilitesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckse i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131 ileriye d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcde bulunabiliyor. \u00dclkenin gelece\u011fine daha orta vadeli bakabiliyorlar. Orta vadeye bak\u0131nca, burada ses var, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc yok. Orada ise g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f mesafesi daha uzun.<\/p>\n

Ben bu Jose Mujica\u2019y\u0131 pek be\u011fendim. Chavez gibi ucuz kahramanl\u0131k yapm\u0131yor. Afras\u0131z tafras\u0131z icraat yap\u0131yor. \u00d6yle mangalda k\u00fcl b\u0131rakmamak \u00fczere \u00fcf\u00fcrm\u00fcyor. Yapt\u0131klar\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131l\u0131p \u00f6v\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u201cDurun bakal\u0131m, daha deniyoruz\u201d diyor yaln\u0131zca. Hi\u00e7 siyaset\u00e7iye benzemiyor! Garip yani. Al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131\u015f\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130ngiltere’de yay\u0131mlanan The Economist dergisi, ‘Y\u0131l\u0131n en iyi \u00fclkesi’ni se\u00e7ti. Dergiye g\u00f6re y\u0131l\u0131n en iyi \u00fclkesi Uruguay… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":155379,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6665,6199,6155,6771,5005,6202],"tags":[10132,134494,27522,72403,6604],"class_list":["post-155378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunya","category-ekonomi","category-gundem","category-latin-amerika","category-manset","category-politika","tag-jose-mujica","tag-jose-mujica-uruguay","tag-the-economist","tag-the-economist-dergisi","tag-uruguay"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/155378","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=155378"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/155378\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/155379"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=155378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=155378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=155378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}