{"id":158094,"date":"2014-01-30T13:16:40","date_gmt":"2014-01-30T11:16:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/?p=158094"},"modified":"2014-01-30T13:16:40","modified_gmt":"2014-01-30T11:16:40","slug":"surekli-zenginlesen-kazakistanda-sanayisizlesme-korkusu-158094","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/surekli-zenginlesen-kazakistanda-sanayisizlesme-korkusu-158094\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00fcrekli zenginle\u015fen Kazakistan’da “Sanayisizle\u015fme” korkusu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Kazakistan<\/p>\n

Yeralt\u0131 zenginli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak d\u0131\u015f geliri artan Kazakistan ekonomisin, \u00fcretim fakt\u00f6rlerinin sadece petrol ve do\u011falgaza y\u00f6nelmesi nedeniyle toplam \u00fcretimin azalmas\u0131 sorunu ya\u015fayabilece\u011fi belirtiliyor.<\/h1>\n

Da\u011f\u0131lan Sovyetler Birli\u011fi \u00fclkelerinin co\u011frafi olarak en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olan Kazakistan, sahip oldu\u011fu fosil yak\u0131t rezervleri, de\u011ferli mineraller ve metallerin a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131nda zengin bir \u00fclk\u00fc.<\/p>\n

\u0130zlenen \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc stratejilere ra\u011fmen maden i\u015fleme end\u00fcstrisi Kazakistan’\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesinde motor g\u00fc\u00e7 olmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

Kazakistan’\u0131n, yeni kaynaklar\u0131n ke\u015ffiyle d\u0131\u015f ticaret gelirlerinin artmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak zenginle\u015fen \u00fclkelerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Hollanda sendromu” da denilen “sanayisizle\u015fme” sorunuyla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n

Bu sorunu a\u015fmak i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 sekt\u00f6rlerde programlarla uygulayan Kazaklar, petrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi daha s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir hale getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc makroekonomik g\u00f6stergelere kar\u015f\u0131n petrol odakl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7eken Kazakistan, ula\u015f\u0131m, ila\u00e7 ve telekom\u00fckasyon petrokimya ve g\u0131da i\u015fleme sekt\u00f6rlerinin geli\u015ftirilmesini ama\u00e7layan h\u00fck\u00fcmet programlar\u0131n\u0131 devreye soktu.<\/p>\n

– “Petrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 devam ediyor”<\/p>\n

Avrasya Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Analisti Do\u00e7. Dr. Canat Mom\u0131nkulov, uygulanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan programlara kar\u015f\u0131n Kazakistan\u2019\u0131n yak\u0131n gelecekte h\u0131zl\u0131 bir s\u0131\u00e7rama yapmas\u0131n\u0131n, yeni ku\u015fak teknolojilerin geli\u015ftirilmesinin zor oldu\u011funu savundu.<\/p>\n

Kurumsal ve yap\u0131sal sorunlar nedeniyle \u00fclke ekonomisinde itici g\u00fcc\u00fcn petrol politikas\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlatan Mom\u0131nkulov, hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki geli\u015fmelerle ilgili s\u00f6ylenen b\u00fct\u00fcn resmi ilanlara ra\u011fmen petrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n devam etti\u011fini iler is\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Analist Mom\u0131nkulov ise petrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcmede turizm haricinde \u00f6nemli bir kalem olabilecek tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nemine vurgu yapt\u0131. Mom\u0131nkulov, \u00f6zellikle et ve s\u00fct \u00fcretiminde daha fazla teknoloji yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini iddia etti.<\/p>\n

– EXPO 2017<\/p>\n

EXPO 2017\u2019nin sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 faydalar\u0131 petrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme i\u00e7inde de\u011ferlendirmenin do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcren Mom\u0131nkulov, fuar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli yarar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclkenin tan\u0131nmas\u0131na olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mom\u0131nkulov, Aktau b\u00f6lgesinde in\u015fa edilece\u011fi duyurulan \u00e7evreci n\u00fckleer tesisin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ekonomi ve g\u00f6\u00e7 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini canland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Akt\u00f6be ve \u015eimkent ile birlikte Kazakistan\u2019\u0131n birka\u00e7 b\u00f6lgesinde atom istasyonlar\u0131 kurulmas\u0131 planlar\u0131n\u0131n da \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Petrol ta\u015f\u0131mada Hazar Denizi’ndeki limanlarda, boru hatt\u0131 ve demiryollar\u0131 konusunda gerekli iyile\u015ftirmeler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa bile Kazakistan\u2019\u0131n daha fazla ihracat i\u00e7in sivil havac\u0131l\u0131k ve karayolu ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirmek durumunda oldu\u011fu dile getiren Mom\u0131nkulov, “\u00c7in ile Hazar’\u0131 Kafkasya \u00fczerinden Avrupa’ya ba\u011flayacak 1200 kilometrelik Lezkazgan-\u015ealkar-Beyneu yolunun 2015\u2019e kadar bitirilmesi \u00f6nemli” dedi.<\/p>\n

– G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011finin zorluklar\u0131 ve Hollanda sendromu<\/p>\n

Mom\u0131nkulov, Hollanda sendromuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak Kazakistan\u2019da ya\u015fanan sanayisizle\u015fmeye ili\u015fkin, b\u00fcy\u00fck miktardaki do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcrelebilir ekonomiyi zorlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savundu.<\/p>\n

Verimsiz krediler ve pahal\u0131 m\u00fclkiyet tercihlerinin sendromu daha da derinle\u015ftirdi\u011fini anlatan Mom\u0131nkulov, 2010’da Belarus ve Rusya ile girilen g\u00fcmr\u00fck birli\u011finin de reel ekonominin geli\u015fmesini etkiledi\u011fini kaydetti.<\/p>\n

Mom\u0131nkulov, yerel i\u015fletmelerin Avrasya Birli\u011fi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde Rusya gibi devlerle rekabet etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, birlik i\u00e7erisinde Kazakistan’\u0131n ihra\u00e7 etti\u011fi \u00fcr\u00fcnlere kar\u015f\u0131 yapay engeller bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle et \u00fcretiminde Kazakistan ile rekabet edebilecek \u00fclke olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktaran Mom\u0131nkulov, Kazakistan\u2019\u0131n G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fine girdikten sonra y\u00fczle\u015fti\u011fi e\u015fitsizlik ve haks\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a \u015fikayet eder hale geldi\u011fini ifade etti.<\/p>\n

Mom\u0131nkulov , G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclkelerden ithal edilen mallar\u0131n fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtererek, s\u00f6z konusu art\u0131\u015flar sonucu baz\u0131 Kazak \u00fcretim sekt\u00f6rlerinin rekabette zay\u0131f d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dikkat i\u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011finin kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ekonominin azalmas\u0131nda etkisinin bulundu\u011funu vurgulayan Mom\u0131nkulov, birli\u011fin daha \u00e7ok Kazakistan\u2019daki Rus yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

– “Hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn kalitesi \u00fccretere ba\u011fl\u0131”<\/p>\n

Avrasya Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Do\u00e7. Dr. Murat \u00c7emrek de Kazakistan’\u0131n, hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde Dubai \u00f6rne\u011fi gibi turizm odakl\u0131 bir yap\u0131lanmadan \u015fimdilik \u00e7ok uzak oldu\u011funu dile getirdi.<\/p>\n

Kazakistan genelinde servis kalitesinin l\u00fcks yerler hari\u00e7 tutuldu\u011funda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyelerde oldu\u011funu anlatan \u00c7emrek, hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki \u00fccretlerin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn servis kalitesini olumsuz etkiledi\u011fini ifade etti.<\/p>\n

Kazakistan’\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7abilecek bili\u015fim sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn de mevcut haliyle b\u00f6lgenin \u0130srail’i olmaktan uzak oldu\u011funu savunan \u00c7emrek, Kazakistan’\u0131n petrol ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr satan \u00fclke olarak kalmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini kaydetti.<\/p>\n

\u0130hracat\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu petrol ve gaz olu\u015fturan Kazakistan ayn\u0131 zamanda da d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck uranyum ihra\u00e7 eden \u00fclkesi.\u00a0Oil and Gas Journal verilere g\u00f6re, \u00fclkenin ispatlanm\u0131\u015f petrol rezervleri 30 milyar varil olarak tahmin ediliyor.\u00a0Kazakistan Ulusal Bankas\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re Kazakistan\u2019a en fazla do\u011frudan yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 49 milyar dolar ile Hollanda yap\u0131yor. Bu \u00fclkeyi 24,7 milyar dolar ile \u0130ngiltere izliyor. \u00c7in\u2019in Kazakistan\u2019a do\u011frudan yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 18,2 milyar dolar, ABD’nin ise 17,9 milyar dolar.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yeralt\u0131 zenginli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak d\u0131\u015f geliri artan Kazakistan ekonomisin, \u00fcretim fakt\u00f6rlerinin sadece petrol ve do\u011falgaza y\u00f6nelmesi nedeniyle toplam \u00fcretimin azalmas\u0131 sorunu ya\u015fayabilece\u011fi belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":158095,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6770,6665,6199,6155,6202],"tags":[7275],"class_list":["post-158094","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-avrupa","category-dunya","category-ekonomi","category-gundem","category-politika","tag-kazakistan"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/158094","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=158094"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/158094\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/158095"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=158094"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=158094"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=158094"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}