{"id":169086,"date":"2014-07-07T14:02:00","date_gmt":"2014-07-07T11:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/?p=169086"},"modified":"2014-07-07T14:02:00","modified_gmt":"2014-07-07T11:02:00","slug":"sovyetler-birliginin-son-disiseri-bakani-glasnostun-mimarlarindan-eduard-sevardnadze-oldu-son-dakika-haberleri-169086","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/sovyetler-birliginin-son-disiseri-bakani-glasnostun-mimarlarindan-eduard-sevardnadze-oldu-son-dakika-haberleri-169086\/","title":{"rendered":"Sovyetler Birli\u011finin son d\u0131\u015fi\u015feri bakan\u0131 Glasnostun mimarlar\u0131ndan Eduard \u015eevardnadze \u00f6ld\u00fc \/ Son Dakika Haberleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Eduard<\/a><\/h1>\n

Sovyetler Birli\u011finin son D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131, Michail Gorbachov’un s\u0131rda\u015f\u0131 ve so\u011fuk sava\u015f\u0131 sona erdiren G\u00fcrc\u00fc lider Eduard \u015eevardnadze 86 ya\u015f\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi.<\/h1>\n

Eduard \u015eevardnadze’nin \u00f6l\u00fcm haberini, yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Marina Davita\u015fvili duyurdu. Reuters’a konu\u015fan Davita\u015fvili, 86 ya\u015f\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitiren G\u00fcrc\u00fc liderin uzun s\u00fcredir hasta oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi ancak ba\u015fka detay vermedi.<\/p>\n

Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin son d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131 olan \u015eevardnadze, So\u011fuk Sava\u015f’\u0131n sona ermesini sa\u011flayan isimlerdendi.<\/p>\n

1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00f6revinden ve partisinden istifa eden \u015eevardnadze, SSCB Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mikhail Gorba\u00e7ov’un davetiyle yeniden D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revini kabul etti ancak SSCB’nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131yla bu g\u00f6revi k\u0131sa s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra Moskova’dan \u00fclkesine d\u00f6nen \u015eevardnadze, ilk cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Zviad Gamsahurdia’n\u0131n devrilmesinde ve \u00fclkedeki i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131n bitirilmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynad\u0131.<\/p>\n

1992-1995 y\u0131llar\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan Meclis Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revini y\u00fcr\u00fcten \u015eevardnadze, 1995’te cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ildi. 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imlerde ikinci kez cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ilen \u015eevardnadze, Mihail Saaka\u015fvili \u00f6nderli\u011findeki muhalif g\u00fc\u00e7lerin bask\u0131s\u0131yla istifa etmek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Eduard \u015eevarnadze Kimdir ?<\/h2>\n

1928 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan’\u0131n Lanchkuti b\u00f6lgesi Mamati k\u00f6y\u00fcnde bir \u00f6\u011fretmen ailesinde do\u011fan \u015eevardnadze, 1972-1985 y\u0131llar\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan Kom\u00fcnist Partisi Genel Sekreteri, 1985-90 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Sovyetler Birli\u011fi (SSCB) D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Merkezi Komite \u00fcyeli\u011fi g\u00f6revlerinde bulundu.<\/p>\n

1985-1990 aras\u0131nda ve 1991’de SSCB d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131, 1992-2003 aras\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan’\u0131n devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131. \u0130lk devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 Zviad Gamsahurdia’n\u0131n devrilmesiyle iktidara gelmi\u015f, Miheil Saaka\u015fvili liderli\u011findeki muhalefet taraf\u0131ndan 2003 y\u0131l\u0131ndan iktidardan ayr\u0131lmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcrc\u00fc bir \u00f6\u011fretmenin o\u011fludur. G\u00fcrcistan Kom\u00fcnist Partisi’nin okulunda \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rd\u00fc. 1960’ta Kutaisi Pedagoji Entit\u00fcs\u00fc’nde tarih \u00f6\u011frenimini tamamlad\u0131. 1946’da Komsomol’a girdi.1957-61 aras\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan Komsomolu Merkez Komitesi birinci sekreterli\u011fi g\u00f6revini y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc. 1964’te Tiflis’e giderek parti y\u00f6netiminde \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00f6revler \u00fcstlendi ve 1972’de G\u00fcrcistan Kom\u00fcnist Partisi birinci sekreteri oldu. 1976’da Sovyetler Birli\u011fi Kom\u00fcnist Partisi Merkez Komitesi’ne, 1978’de de Politb\u00fcro aday \u00fcyeli\u011fine se\u00e7ildi. 1985’te Politb\u00fcro’ya al\u0131nd\u0131 ve 1957’den beri d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131 olan Andrey Gromiko’nun yerine d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na getirildi.<\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f politika deneyimi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde \u015eevardnadze, Gorba\u00e7ov’un d\u0131\u015f politika \u00e7izgisini ba\u015far\u0131yla uygulad\u0131. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede Sovyet askerleri 1988’de Afganistan’dan \u00e7ekildi; ABD’yle yeni silahs\u0131zlanma antla\u015fmalar\u0131 haz\u0131rland\u0131; 1989-1990’da Do\u011fu Avrupa \u00fclkelerinin t\u00fcm\u00fcnde kom\u00fcnist y\u00f6netimlerin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc Sovyet h\u00fck\u00fcmeti sessizce onaylad\u0131. \u015eevardnadze, Gorba\u00e7ov’un en yak\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015flar\u0131 ve glasnost (a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k) ve Perestroyka (yeniden yap\u0131lanma) politikalar\u0131n\u0131n en etkin savunucular\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131. Ama Aral\u0131k 1990’da, tutucu kom\u00fcnistlerin y\u00f6netim \u00fczerindeki etkisinin art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 protesto amac\u0131yla ans\u0131z\u0131n istifa etti. Tutucular\u0131n 1991’de giri\u015fti\u011fi darbenin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011framas\u0131ndan sonra Sovyet D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revine k\u0131sa s\u00fcre (19 Kas\u0131m-25 Aral\u0131k) i\u00e7in d\u00f6nd\u00fc; SSCB’nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131yla bu g\u00f6revi de sona erdi.<\/p>\n

\u015eevardnadze 10 Mart 1992’de G\u00fcrcistan’\u0131n Devlet Konseyi ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na (devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131) getirildi. 1995 ve 2000 y\u0131llar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imlerde iki kez daha bu g\u00f6reve getirildi. A\u011fustos 1995 ve \u015eubat 1998’de iki ayr\u0131 suikast giri\u015fimini atlatt\u0131. \u0130ktidar boyunca kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorun Abhazya ve G\u00fcney Osetya’daki ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 hareketlerdi. 2 Kas\u0131m 2003’te yap\u0131lan parlamento se\u00e7imlerine hile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131yla ba\u015flayan toplu g\u00f6steriler sonucunda ba\u015fta Mihail Saaka\u015fvili ve di\u011fer muhalefet liderlerinin \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na uyarak g\u00f6revinden \u00e7ekildi. T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n G\u00fcl Devrimi diye bildi\u011fi bu olayda Bat\u0131l\u0131 vak\u0131flar\u0131n maddi deste\u011fiyle t\u0131pk\u0131 S\u0131rbistan’daki Slobodan Milo\u015fevi\u00e7’e yap\u0131lan iktidardan indirme giri\u015fimi \u015eevardnadze i\u00e7in de ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n