![\"varadero\"](\"http:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/varadero.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/p>\nSiz K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n harita \u00fczerinde timsaha benzeyen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ada gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesine bakmay\u0131n! Ger\u00e7ekte yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn en b\u00fcy\u00fck 13. adas\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca 1232 km geni\u015fli\u011findeki topraklar\u0131 ve 12 milyona yakla\u015fan n\u00fcfusuyla Karayipler\u2019in en b\u00fcy\u00fck, en kalabal\u0131k \u00fclkesidir. ABD\u2019ye uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise yaln\u0131zca 150 km\u2019dir.<\/p>\n
Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sava\u015f\u0131ndan devrime giden yol<\/p>\n
Kristof Kolomb, uzun bir deniz yolculu\u011fundan sonra 28 Ekim 1492’de K\u00fcba adas\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar ve buray\u0131 \u201c\u0130spanyol topra\u011f\u0131\u201d ilan eder. K\u00fcba halk\u0131, \u0130spanyol s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 1808-1895 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda uzun ve kanl\u0131 bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sava\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k \u00f6nderleri Jos\u00e9 Mart\u00ed ve Antonio Maceo, bu m\u00fccadele s\u00fcrecinde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. 1898’de biten \u0130spanya-Amerika Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na dek \u0130spanya topra\u011f\u0131 olarak kalan K\u00fcba\u2019y\u0131 daha sonra ABD birlikleri i\u015fgal eder. K\u00fcba, 1902 y\u0131l\u0131nda Birle\u015fik Devletler’den s\u00f6zde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k kazansa da 1959 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki Devrim\u2019e de\u011fin bu \u00fclkenin uydusu olarak kal\u0131r. Fidel Castro \u00f6nderli\u011finde gerilla sava\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten K\u00fcbal\u0131 devrimciler, 1 Ocak 1959’da Havana’y\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irerek ABD kuklas\u0131 diktat\u00f6r Batista y\u00f6netimine ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc d\u00fczenine son verirler.<\/p>\n
2,5 milyonluk n\u00fcfusuyla hem K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n hem Karayipler\u2019in en b\u00fcy\u00fck kenti olan Ba\u015fkent Havana, 16. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda kurulmu\u015f. Bug\u00fcn Uluslararas\u0131 Jos\u00e9 Mart\u00ed Havaalan\u0131 ve do\u011fal liman\u0131yla \u00fclkenin en \u00f6nemli ula\u015f\u0131m merkezi durumunda. K\u00fcba\u2019ya her y\u0131l yakla\u015f\u0131k iki milyon turist gidiyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den gidenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 ise yirmi bin dolay\u0131nda. Zaten K\u00fcba ekonomisi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde turizm gelirlerine dayan\u0131yor. ABD ile buzlar\u0131n erimesi ve Obama\u2019n\u0131n Mart ay\u0131nda \u00fclkeyi ziyaretiyle 60 y\u0131ll\u0131k ambargonun resmen sona ermesi, K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n turizm potansiyelini daha da art\u0131rm\u0131\u015f bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
Eski Havana, \u0130spanyol mimarisinin g\u00f6rkemli yap\u0131lar\u0131yla bir a\u00e7\u0131k hava m\u00fczesini and\u0131r\u0131yor. K\u00fcbal\u0131lar kolonyal d\u00f6nemden kalma 500 y\u0131ll\u0131k mimariyi oldu\u011fu gibi korumu\u015flar. Vieja Meydan\u0131\u2019ndaki barok ve neoklasik an\u0131tlar, saray yavrusu konaklar, ince i\u015f\u00e7ilikleri ve de\u011fi\u015fik s\u00fcslemeleriyle g\u00f6z kama\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Ku\u015fkusuz, her birinde yerli halk\u0131n ve Afrika\u2019dan getirilen k\u00f6lelerin al\u0131n teri var! S\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fin tarihsel \u00e7eli\u015fkisi bu! Bir yanda yo\u011fun emek s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc, bir yanda g\u00f6rkemli sanat yap\u0131tlar\u0131\u2026 Ama bug\u00fcn o \u015fatolarda soylular de\u011fil, K\u00fcba halk\u0131 oturuyor!<\/p>\n
Eski Havana\u2019daki yap\u0131lar, 1982 y\u0131l\u0131nda UNESCO’nun \u201cD\u00fcnya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Miras\u0131\u201d listesine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f. \u015eimdi yo\u011fun bir onar\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 var bu b\u00f6lgede. Yap\u0131lar belli bir plan \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ve uzman g\u00f6zetiminde restore ediliyor.<\/p>\n
\u00dclkede do\u011faya, tarihe sayg\u0131 \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde. Rant amac\u0131yla tarihsel yap\u0131lar\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131p yerine AVM ve plaza dikmek s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fil! TOK\u0130\u2019nin \u00e7irkin apartmanlar\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6remezsiniz K\u00fcba\u2019da. Konut olarak kullan\u0131lan evler eski ama \u00e7ok renkli…<\/p>\n
K\u00fcba\u2019daki turistik otellerin \u00e7o\u011funu \u0130spanyollar i\u015fletiyor. Eski s\u00f6m\u00fcrgesi K\u00fcba\u2019ya biraz da \u201cyavru vatan\u201d g\u00f6z\u00fcyle bak\u0131yor \u0130spanya. \u201cSol\u201d oteller zincirini kurmu\u015flar orada. \u201cSol\u201d derken yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n; \u0130spanyolcada \u201cg\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d, \u201cg\u00fcne\u015fli taraf\u201d anlam\u0131na geliyor bu s\u00f6zc\u00fck\u2026<\/p>\n\n
K\u00fcba\u2019da seyahat \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc var. \u00dclkeden gitmek isteyenlere engel olunmuyor. K\u00fcbal\u0131 y\u00f6neticiler, zorlay\u0131c\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerin bu konuda olumlu sonu\u00e7 vermeyece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcba\u2019da ula\u015f\u0131m sorunu t\u00fcm\u00fcyle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilmi\u015f de\u011fil. Son y\u0131llara dek, do\u011fru d\u00fcr\u00fcst otob\u00fcs bile yokmu\u015f \u00fclkede. Kamyon kasas\u0131ndan bozma otob\u00fcsler kullan\u0131l\u0131yormu\u015f. \u015eimdilerde \u00c7in\u2019den sat\u0131n al\u0131nan modern otob\u00fcsler turistlere hizmet veriyor.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
K\u00fcba\u2019daki otomobiller, devrim \u00f6ncesinden kalma. Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n ve i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i K\u00fcbal\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fclkeden ka\u00e7arken geride b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 antika arabalar bunlar. 40\u2019l\u0131, 50’li y\u0131llar\u0131n Ford’lar\u0131, Chevrolet’leri… \u00dcst\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k reng\u00e2renk otomobiller\u2026 Taksiler de \u00e7e\u015fit \u00e7e\u015fit: Sar\u0131 ve mavi plakal\u0131 taksiler; bisikletten ve motosikletten bozma bici taksiler, coco taksiler, fayton taksiler\u2026 Bu arada ekleyelim: Taksilerin \u00e7o\u011fu devlete ait.<\/p>\n
Arabalar eski oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gaz \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. Her yerde a\u011f\u0131r bir egzoz kokusu. S\u00fcrekli bozulan ta\u015f\u0131tlar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler tamir i\u015finde uzmanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f. O y\u00fczden, yolda kalma tehlikesi yok! \u015eof\u00f6rler hemen onar\u0131yorlar bozulan arabalar\u0131. Bize s\u00f6ylendi\u011fine g\u00f6re, \u00f6zel ta\u015f\u0131t sahipleri, yolda bekleyen insanlar\u0131 arabalar\u0131na almak zorundaym\u0131\u015f. Ama biz b\u00f6yle bir duruma hi\u00e7 tan\u0131k olmad\u0131k.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcvenli bir \u00fclke
\nK\u00fcba, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en g\u00fcvenli \u00fclkelerinden biri. Kentlerde ve k\u00f6ylerde \u201cg\u00fcvenlik sorunu\u201d ya\u015fanm\u0131yor. Evlerin kap\u0131lar\u0131 ve pencereleri her yerde sabaha dek a\u00e7\u0131k! T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de her g\u00fcn bombalar patlar, cank\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ya\u015fan\u0131r, kad\u0131n cinayetleri ve \u00e7ocuk tecav\u00fczleri g\u00fcndemden d\u00fc\u015fmezken, K\u00fcba ger\u00e7ekten bir erin\u00e7 ve dirlik adas\u0131! Irk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k yok, ay\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yok, kavga g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc yok!<\/p>\n
K\u00fcba bir t\u00fcketim toplumu de\u011fil. Caddelerde, binalar\u0131n duvarlar\u0131nda reklam panosu g\u00f6remezsiniz. G\u00f6rebilece\u011finiz afi\u015fler, ya siyasal i\u00e7eriklidir ya da \u201ckamu spotu\u201d niteli\u011findeki bilgilendirme duyurular\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Devlet, yurtta\u015flar\u0131n istedikleri dine inanma hakk\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015f. B\u00f6yleyken, tap\u0131naklara gidip ibadet edenlerin oran\u0131 \u00fclke genelinde y\u00fczde 10\u2019u ge\u00e7miyor. Kiliseler \u00e7o\u011fu zaman bo\u015f\u2026<\/p>\n
K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n her yeri yemye\u015fil. Palmiyeden hindistancevizine \u00e7e\u015fit \u00e7e\u015fit a\u011fa\u00e7lar, \u015fekerkam\u0131\u015f\u0131 tarlalar\u0131 ve tropikal meyveler, uzay\u0131p giden yollar boyunca size e\u015flik ediyor.
\nSiesta yapmay\u0131 seviyorsan\u0131z, evlerin verandas\u0131nda sallanan sandalyeler sizi bekliyor!yazi-dizisi-i-karayipler-de-bir-baska-dunya-kuba-151473-1.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zetle s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, dingin bir ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00f6zleyenler i\u00e7in ideal bir \u00fclke K\u00fcba!<\/p>\n
Soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karken bah\u015fi\u015finizi haz\u0131rlay\u0131n
\nK\u00fcba\u2019da bah\u015fi\u015f vermek neredeyse zorunlu! Adeta bir bah\u015fi\u015f sekt\u00f6r\u00fc olu\u015fmu\u015f. Kafede, lokantada, barda, otelde, hatta parkta, yani g\u00fcn boyu girip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z her yerde durum ayn\u0131. Tuvaletlerin kap\u0131lar\u0131nda bekleyen kad\u0131nlara bile bah\u015fi\u015f vermeden ge\u00e7emezsiniz! M\u00fczisyenler de lokantada iki \u015fark\u0131 patlat\u0131p hemen \u015fapkay\u0131 uzat\u0131yorlar! Yad\u0131rg\u0131yorsunuz. T\u00fcrkiyeli \u00e7evirmenimiz ise gruptaki arkada\u015flar\u0131n bu konudaki yak\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131 anlams\u0131z buluyor. \u201cD\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde var, buradakini neden yad\u0131rg\u0131yorsunuz\u201d diye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131yor! Oysa yeri geldi\u011finde, K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n \u201cba\u015fka bir d\u00fcnya\u201d oldu\u011fu dillendiriliyor…<\/p>\n
Havana\u2019n\u0131n turistik b\u00f6lgelerinde, reng\u00e2renk yerel giysileriyle dola\u015fan ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131nlar g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. A\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131nda purolar\u0131yla turistlere poz veriyorlar. Hemen belirtelim: Onlarla foto\u011fraf \u00e7ektirmek \u00fccrete tabi! \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz K\u00fcba\u2019s\u0131nda kendi adlar\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve devlete vergi \u00f6deyen \u201c\u00f6zel giri\u015fimci\u201d yurtta\u015flarm\u0131\u015f bunlar\u2026<\/p>\n
Che turizmi
\nK\u00fcba\u2019da ya\u015fayan \u00f6nderlerin an\u0131tlar\u0131 dikilmiyor, posterleri as\u0131lm\u0131yor. Fidel Castro\u2019nun tek an\u0131t\u0131 yok \u00fclkede. Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Raul Castro\u2019nun da \u00f6yle. Ancak K\u00fcba halk\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck kahramanlar\u0131 Che Guevara ile Camilo Cienfuegos\u2019un an\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131, b\u00fcstlerini, foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131 her yerde g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada devrimci gen\u00e7li\u011fin idol\u00fc say\u0131lan Che\u2019nin an\u0131tlar\u0131, yontular\u0131, posterleri her ad\u0131mda kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca turistlerin al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f etti\u011fi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00fckk\u00e2nlarda, pazar yerlerindeki s\u0131ra s\u0131ra tezg\u00e2hlarda, \u201cChe\u201dli hediyelik e\u015fyadan ge\u00e7ilmiyor. Ti\u015f\u00f6rtler, \u015fapkalar, bereler, kolyeler, foto\u011fraflar, alb\u00fcmler, tablolar, yani akl\u0131n\u0131za ne gelirse, her nesnenin \u00fczerine Che\u2019nin motifleri i\u015flenmi\u015f. Diyebilirim ki \u201cChe efsanesi\u201d, K\u00fcba\u2019da turizmin itici g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
BirG\u00fcn gazetesinden Attila A\u015fut’un K\u00fcba izlenimlerini kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131 dizisinin ilk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":233826,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6665,6771,5005,6671],"tags":[14386,48319,931,54489,15949,14],"class_list":["post-233825","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunya","category-latin-amerika","category-manset","category-seyahat","tag-birgun-gazetesi","tag-che-guevara","tag-fidel-castro","tag-jose-marti","tag-karayipler","tag-kuba"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/233825","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=233825"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/233825\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/233826"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=233825"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=233825"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=233825"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}