D\u00fcnya gazetesinden Ali Ekber Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m’\u0131n ET ve S\u00fct Kurumu’nun 2017 Y\u0131l\u0131 Sekt\u00f6r De\u011ferlendirme Raporu’ndan derledi\u011fi bilgilere g\u00f6re, b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k ve et ithalat\u0131yla ilgili ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n
“K\u00fcresel b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f et \u00fcretimi 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle ABD, Brezilya ve Arjantin’in etkisiyle y\u00fczde 2’den daha az b\u00fcy\u00fcyerek yakla\u015f\u0131k 62 milyon tona ula\u015ft\u0131. Brezilya ekonomisindeki toparlanma ile paralel art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6steren i\u00e7 talep y\u00fckseli\u015fi ve Asya \u00fclkelerine yap\u0131lan y\u00fcksek ihracat Brezilya’daki \u00fcretim art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedenleridir. Arjantin \u00fcretimi, ihracat vergilerinin ve para liberalizasyonunun kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, b\u00f6ylece ihracat talebinin kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle geni\u015flemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Avustralya ve G\u00fcney Afrika’da kurakl\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 stok tasfiyesinden sonra s\u00fcr\u00fcler tekrar olu\u015fturulmaya ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu b\u00f6lgelerde b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f et \u00fcretimi d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u00dcreticiler yeni s\u00fcr\u00fcler i\u00e7in inek ve d\u00fcveleri elde tuttu\u011fu i\u00e7in Yeni Zelanda’da da \u00fcretim bir miktar geriledi. 2017’de k\u00fcresel b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f eti ihracat\u0131 y\u00fczde 2 artarak 9.6 milyon tona ula\u015ft\u0131. G\u00fcney Amerika, Hindistan ve ABD’den yap\u0131lan sevkiyatlar, Avustralya ve Yeni Zelanda’daki zay\u0131f arzdan dolay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fen ihracat\u0131 dengeledi. Do\u011fu Asya’da, \u00f6zellikle \u00c7in’de b\u00fcy\u00fcyen t\u00fcketim, ihracat\u0131 adeta y\u00fczd\u00fcrmektedir. Bununla birlikte, M\u0131s\u0131r (d\u00f6viz deval\u00fcasyonu) ve Rusya (s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 sat\u0131n alma g\u00fcc\u00fc ve di\u011fer etler ile rekabet) gibi di\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fck ithalat\u00e7\u0131lardan gelen talep 2017’de zay\u0131flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
2017 y\u0131l\u0131 d\u00fcnya toplam et \u00fcretimi 324.8 milyon ton olarak tahmin edilmektedir. Toplam et \u00fcretiminde; en b\u00fcy\u00fck pay\u0131y\u00fczde 36 ile domuz eti (117 milyon ton) al\u0131rken, kanatl\u0131 eti y\u00fczde 36 (118.2 milyon ton), b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f eti y\u00fczde 21 (69.5 milyon ton), k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f eti y\u00fczde 5 (14.5 milyon ton) paya sahiptir. Toplam k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 et \u00fcretiminde; en b\u00fcy\u00fck pay\u0131y\u00fczde 58 ile domuz eti al\u0131rken, b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f eti y\u00fczde 35, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f eti y\u00fczdre 7 paya sahiptir.<\/p>\n
Brezilya ucuz yem, rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fc ve uygun hava ko\u015fullar\u0131 avantaj\u0131 ile b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f et \u00fcretiminde ve ihracat\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir atak yapt\u0131. Et ve S\u00fct Kurumu Raporu’na g\u00f6re, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00fcnya b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f eti (s\u0131\u011f\u0131r ve manda) \u00fcretimi 69.5 milyon ton oldu. D\u00fcnya \u00fcretiminin y\u00fczde 52’sini ABD, Brezilya, Avrupa Birli\u011fi ve \u00c7in ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyor. Amerika’n\u0131n 2017 y\u0131l\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f et \u00fcretimi 12 milyon 109 bin ton olurken Brezilya 9 milyon 450 bin tonla ikinci oldu. Avrupa Birli\u011fi 7 milyon 795 bin ton ile \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
ABD ve Kanada’da \u00fcretim, kesim say\u0131s\u0131 ve ortalama karkas a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f ile geni\u015fledi. 3 y\u0131l s\u00fcrekli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015ften sonra Brezilya ve Arjantin’in \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde G\u00fcney Amerika’daki \u00fcretim y\u00fczde 2,1 oran\u0131nda artarak yakla\u015f\u0131k 16 milyon tona \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Brezilya’daki \u00fcreticiler ucuz yem, rekabet\u00e7i \u00fcretim ortam\u0131 ve uygun hava ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n avantajlar\u0131ndan yararlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Arjantin’de, yakla\u015f\u0131k 4 y\u0131ld\u0131r s\u00fcr\u00fc geni\u015fletme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 devam etmektedir. \u00c7in’de, s\u0131\u011f\u0131r eti \u00fcretiminin istikrarl\u0131 yerel fiyatlar ve ekonomik olmayan s\u00fct ineklerinin kesilmesiyle desteklenerek, y\u00fczde 1 art\u0131\u015fla 7,1 milyon tona ula\u015ft\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca, \u00c7in’in hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerini yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131, baz\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00e7iftlik sahiplerinin sekt\u00f6rden \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rarak kesim i\u00e7in daha fazla s\u0131\u011f\u0131r sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130hracatta da Brezilya’n\u0131n \u00f6nemli a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 var. Brezilya, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda 1 milyon 641 bin ton b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f hayvan eti ihracat\u0131 ile Hindistan’dan sonra ikinci s\u0131rada. \u0130hracattaki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 18. Hindistan 1 milyon 690 bin ton ile y\u00fczde 18.5 paya sahip. D\u00fcnya toplam b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f et ihracat\u0131 2017’de 9 milyon 118 bin ton oldu.<\/p>\n
Et ve S\u00fct Kurumu 2017 Sekt\u00f6r De\u011ferlendirme Raporu’na g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye hayvanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n hemen her alan\u0131nda ithalatta rekor k\u0131rd\u0131. Et \u00fcretimi ise 2016 y\u0131l\u0131na g\u00f6re geriledi.
\nRapordaki bilgilere g\u00f6re, 2012-2017 d\u00f6neminde ortalama karkas a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131\u011f\u0131rda y\u00fczde 4 azalarak 274 kilograma, koyunda y\u00fczde 9’luk azal\u0131\u015fla 19 kilograma d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n
2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re kesilen hayvan say\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131\u011f\u0131r i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 7,6’l\u0131k azal\u0131\u015fla 3 milyon 600 bin, manda i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 308,5 art\u0131\u015fla 6 bin 123, koyun i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 26 art\u0131\u015fla 5 milyon 134 bin, ke\u00e7i i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 17.8 art\u0131\u015fla 2 milyon 68 bin ba\u015f olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. T\u00fcrkiye k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 et \u00fcretimi 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda 1 milyon 126 bin ton ile bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 4 azald\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f eti \u00fcretimi y\u00fczde 7 azalarak 988 bin ton, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f eti \u00fcretimi y\u00fczde 21 artarak 137 bin ton oldu.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumu (T\u00dc\u0130K) taraf\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7er ayl\u0131k d\u00f6nemler halinde a\u00e7\u0131klanan verilere g\u00f6re, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda toplam k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 et \u00fcretimi 1 milyon 126 bin ton ile bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 4 oran\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015ferken Kurban Bayram\u0131’n\u0131 kapsayan 3. \u00e7eyrekte k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 et \u00fcretimi bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131l\u0131n 3. \u00e7eyre\u011fine g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 14.3 oran\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.
\nRaporda, 2010 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren besilik ve kasapl\u0131k hayvan ithalat\u0131 yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re; kilogram baz\u0131nda toplam canl\u0131 hayvan ithalat\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 98, b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f hayvan ithalat\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 91, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f hayvan ithalat\u0131n\u0131n ise y\u00fczde 4581 artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgisine yer verildi.<\/p>\n
\u0130thalatla ilgili olarak Raporda \u015fu de\u011ferlendirmeye yer verildi:” B\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f hayvan ithalat\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f daha \u00e7ok besilik ithalat\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131 olup b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 72 olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Kasapl\u0131k ithalat\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 397 artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda dam\u0131zl\u0131k k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f ithalat\u0131 y\u00fczde 757 oran\u0131nda artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.”<\/p>\n
Et ve S\u00fct Kurumu Raporu’na g\u00f6re, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f ithalat\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu besilik olmak \u00fczere; y\u00fczde 35’i Uruguay, y\u00fczde 19’u Brezilya, y\u00fczde 9’u \u00c7ek Cumhuriyeti’nden yap\u0131ld\u0131. Dam\u0131zl\u0131k s\u0131\u011f\u0131r ithalat\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 30’u Almanya, y\u00fczde 19’u \u00c7ek Cumhuriyeti, y\u00fczde 17’si Avusturya’dan sa\u011fland\u0131. Kasapl\u0131k s\u0131\u011f\u0131r ithalat\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 50’si Brezilya ve \u0130spanya’dan yap\u0131l\u0131rken, 20I7 y\u0131l\u0131nda canl\u0131 olarak ithal edilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f hayvanlar\u0131n tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131 dam\u0131zl\u0131k olmayan hayvanlar olup bunlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 85’i Avustralya’dan getirildi.
\nT\u00fcrkiye 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda toplamda 666 bin 802 ba\u015f besilik, 113 bin 566 ba\u015f dam\u0131zl\u0131k ve 108 bin 939 ba\u015f kasapl\u0131k olmak \u00fczere toplamda 889 bin 307 b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f hayvan ithalat\u0131 yapt\u0131. Bu ithalat i\u00e7in 1 milyar 149 milyon 194 bin 644 dolar \u00f6dedi. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde 280 bin 669 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f hayvan ithalat\u0131na 37 milyon 312 bin dolar \u00f6dendi. Hayvan ithalat\u0131na toplamda 1 milyar 186 milyon 507 bin 897 dolar \u00f6dendi.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015flenmemi\u015f k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 et ithalat\u0131 ise 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda 18 bin 857 ton olurken bunun i\u00e7in \u00f6denen d\u00f6viz miktar\u0131 85 milyon 190 bin dolar oldu.2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 et ithalatlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 83’\u00fc Polonya, y\u00fczde 14’\u00fc Fransa’dan yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Rapora g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda canl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f hayvan ihracat\u0131 yapamad\u0131. Yani ihracatta s\u0131f\u0131r \u00e7ekti. \u0130\u015flenmemi\u015f k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 et ihracat\u0131 ise 101 ton olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. B\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f eti ihracat\u0131n\u0131n kilogram baz\u0131nda y\u00fczde 83’\u00fc kemikli et olurken, toplam ihracat y\u00fczde 21 azald\u0131. \u00d6zetle, Brezilya, hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kta sahip oldu\u011fu avantajlar\u0131 do\u011fru politikalarla zirveye t\u0131rman\u0131rken, T\u00fcrkiye, sahip oldu\u011fu avantajlar\u0131 bir yana b\u0131rakarak ithalatta \u0131srar ederek hayvanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bitirme noktas\u0131na getirdi. Yanl\u0131\u015f politikalar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye’yi getirdi\u011fi nokta s\u0131f\u0131r ihracat, rekor ithalat oldu.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Et ve S\u00fct Kurumu 2017 Y\u0131l\u0131 Sekt\u00f6r De\u011ferlendirme Raporu’na g\u00f6re, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f ve b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f canl\u0131 hayvan ihracat\u0131 tamamen s\u0131f\u0131rlan\u0131rken, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f canl\u0131 hayvan ithalat\u0131 y\u00fczde 4581 oran\u0131nda artt\u0131. Kasapl\u0131k ithalat\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 397, dam\u0131zl\u0131k k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f ithalat\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 757 oran\u0131nda artarak rekor k\u0131rd\u0131. D\u00fcnya gazetesinden Ali Ekber Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m’\u0131n ET ve S\u00fct Kurumu’nun 2017 Y\u0131l\u0131 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":266211,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6199,6155,5005,6805],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-266210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi","category-gundem","category-manset","category-turkiye"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/266210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=266210"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/266210\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/266211"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=266210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=266210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=266210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}