Kahramanmara\u015f’\u0131n Nurhak ve Elbistan il\u00e7eleri k\u0131rsal\u0131nda 2010’da g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerine teslim olan bir ter\u00f6rist, \u00f6rg\u00fct i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde kendilerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olanlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterebilece\u011fini belirterek itiraflarda bulundu.<\/p>\n
Ter\u00f6ristin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi b\u00f6lgedeki k\u00f6ylerde, yer g\u00f6sterme i\u015flemi yap\u0131ld\u0131, ter\u00f6rist k\u00f6yl\u00fclerle y\u00fczle\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n
Teslim olan ter\u00f6rist, di\u011fer ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc \u00fcyeleriyle civar k\u00f6ylerdeki evlere gidip yiyecek, i\u00e7ecek t\u00fcr\u00fc erzak ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, her hafta erzak almak i\u00e7in u\u011frayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylediklerini, k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin de itiraz etmedi\u011fini beyan etti.<\/p>\n
Yer g\u00f6sterme ve y\u00fczle\u015ftirme sonras\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 k\u00f6yl\u00fcye “silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne yard\u0131m etme” su\u00e7undan dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Malatya 3. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesinde yarg\u0131lanan san\u0131klar, hal ve s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131 bilerek \u00f6rg\u00fcte erzak, giyim malzemesi ve benzeri malzemeler vermek suretiyle \u00f6rg\u00fcte yard\u0131m ettikleri gerek\u00e7esiyle \u00e7e\u015fitli hapis cezalar\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Karar\u0131n temyiz edilmesi \u00fczerine, dosya o d\u00f6nemde ter\u00f6r su\u00e7lar\u0131na bakan Yarg\u0131tay 9. Ceza Dairesine geldi.<\/p>\n
Daire, 2013’te san\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcmden sonra 5 Temmuz 2012’de TCK’nin ilgili maddesinde de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapan kanunun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesi nedeniyle san\u0131klar\u0131n hukuki durumlar\u0131n\u0131n yeniden takdir ve tayininde zorunluluk bulunmas\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle yerel mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131 bozdu.<\/p>\n
Bozma sonras\u0131 dosyay\u0131 tekrar g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fen yerel mahkeme, Yarg\u0131tay’\u0131n bozma karar\u0131na uyarak san\u0131klar\u0131n eylemlerinin, ter\u00f6rizmin finansman\u0131 su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa karar verdi. Yerel mahkeme, san\u0131klara 6415 say\u0131l\u0131 Ter\u00f6rizmin Finansman\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6nlenmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanunu’nun 4\/1. maddesi gere\u011fince hapis cezas\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n
Bu karar\u0131n da temyiz edilmesi \u00fczerine dosya 2016’da Yarg\u0131tay 16. Ceza Dairesine geldi. Daire, yerel mahkemenin karar\u0131n\u0131 onad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise daire karar\u0131na itiraz etti. \u0130tirazda, 16. Ceza Dairesi ile ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k aras\u0131ndaki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, “san\u0131klar\u0131n eyleminin \u00f6rg\u00fcte yard\u0131m su\u00e7unu mu, yoksa ter\u00f6rizmin finansman\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flama su\u00e7unu mu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa ili\u015fkin” oldu\u011fu belirtildi.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n itiraz\u0131nda, itiraf\u00e7\u0131 ter\u00f6ristin ifade ve te\u015fhisinde, “San\u0131klardan un, tereya\u011f\u0131, \u015feker, \u00e7ay, ekmek ve benzeri malzemeleri istedik, kendi r\u0131zalar\u0131yla verdiler. Bu \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n evine daha sonra da gittik. 10 kilo un, 3-4 kilo peynir, s\u00fct, bulgur, tuz, \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r deterjan\u0131 gibi malzemeler ald\u0131k. \u015eah\u0131slar\u0131 tehdit etmedik, konu\u015farak ikna ettik.” \u015feklinde beyanlarda bulundu\u011fu aktar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ter\u00f6rizmin finansman\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesine dair uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan da kabul edilip i\u00e7 hukukun bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline geldi\u011fi belirtilen ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k itiraz\u0131nda, 6415 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un da 7 \u015eubat 2013’te TBMM Genel Kurulunda kabul edilerek y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi hat\u0131rlat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n itiraz\u0131nda, “san\u0131klar\u0131n eyleminin \u00f6rg\u00fcte bilerek, isteyerek yard\u0131m su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu, 6415 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 4. maddesi gere\u011fince ter\u00f6rizmin finansman\u0131 su\u00e7undan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131na karar verilmesinin kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu” g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle itiraz kanun yoluna ba\u015fvuruldu\u011fu ifade edildi.<\/p>\n
Yarg\u0131tay 16. Ceza Dairesi, itiraz\u0131 yerinde g\u00f6rmeyerek dosyay\u0131 Yarg\u0131tay 1. Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6nderdi.<\/p>\n
Bunun \u00fczerine dosya, Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulunca ele al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu, Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n itiraz\u0131n\u0131 reddetti.<\/p>\n
Kurulun gerek\u00e7esinde, Ter\u00f6rizmin Finansman\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6nlenmesi Kanunu ile Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Kanunu’na g\u00f6re “fon”un, para veya de\u011feri parayla temsil edilebilen her t\u00fcrl\u00fc de\u011fer veya menfaat oldu\u011fu, bu nedenle maddi de\u011feri olan her \u015feyin fon olabilece\u011fi belirtildi.<\/p>\n
Gerek\u00e7ede, bu bak\u0131mdan fonun, para veya e\u015fya olmas\u0131n\u0131n zorunlu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, “alacak hakk\u0131 gibi” bir ekonomik de\u011fer ihtiva etmesine ra\u011fmen e\u015fya niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131mayan \u015feyler olmas\u0131n\u0131n da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn bulundu\u011fu vurguland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ter\u00f6rizmin Finansman\u0131n \u00d6nlenmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanunun ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine veya bir ter\u00f6riste fon sa\u011flanmas\u0131 veya toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yapt\u0131r\u0131ma ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 aktar\u0131lan gerek\u00e7ede, “Ter\u00f6rizmin finansman\u0131 su\u00e7undan ceza verilebilmesi i\u00e7in fonun bir su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesinde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 aranmamakta, fonun sa\u011flanmas\u0131 veya toplanmas\u0131 yeterli kabul edilmektedir. Ter\u00f6rizmin finansman\u0131 su\u00e7unun manevi unsuru bilme ve isteme ibaret olan kastt\u0131r. Ter\u00f6rizmin finansman\u0131 su\u00e7u, silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne yard\u0131m etme su\u00e7unun \u00f6zel bir hali oldu\u011fundan bu su\u00e7un faili ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn kurucusu, y\u00f6neticisi ya da \u00fcyesi olmayan her ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi olabilir.” tespitleri yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc mensuplar\u0131na erzak, ya\u015fam malzemesi ve para temin etme eyleminin hukuksal niteli\u011finin irdelendi\u011fi gerek\u00e7ede, Yarg\u0131tay’\u0131n istikrar kazanan uygulamalar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00f6rg\u00fct mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici olarak bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, evde yemek ikram edilmesi, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn verdi\u011fi parayla ihtiya\u00e7 listesindeki malzemelerin temin edilmesi gibi eylemlerin fon sa\u011flama kapsam\u0131nda de\u011fil silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne yard\u0131m su\u00e7u kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fi belirtildi.<\/p>\n
Silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc mensuplar\u0131na erzak ve ya\u015fam malzemesi temin etme eyleminin, \u00f6rg\u00fct \u00fcyeli\u011fi su\u00e7unun i\u015flenmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 vurgulanan gerek\u00e7ede, \u015funlar kaydedildi:<\/p>\n
“Bir ter\u00f6riste veya ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne yap\u0131lan bu nitelikte yard\u0131mlar devletin birli\u011fini ve b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc cebri y\u00f6ntemlerle bozmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan, bu ama\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda bombalama, kasten \u00f6ld\u00fcrme, a\u011f\u0131r yaralama gibi su\u00e7lar i\u015fleyen ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n faaliyetlerini idame ettirmelerine, bu \u015fekilde mevcudiyetini devam ettiren ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn de eylem kapasiteni y\u00fckseltmesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re, ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne veya mensuplar\u0131na bilerek ve isteyerek erzak, ya\u015fam malzemesi ve para temin edilmesinin fon sa\u011flanmas\u0131 niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fu ve eylemin bu haliyle ter\u00f6rizmin finansman\u0131 su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Somut olayda, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn k\u0131rsalda faaliyet g\u00f6steren mensuplar\u0131na, san\u0131klardan birinin 2009 y\u0131l\u0131 bahar aylar\u0131nda iki kez ekmek ile di\u011fer erzak ve ya\u015fam malzemesi, di\u011fer san\u0131\u011f\u0131n 2009 May\u0131s ay\u0131nda un, tereya\u011f\u0131, \u015feker, \u00e7ay ve ekmek, 2010 y\u0131l\u0131 nisan ay\u0131nda 10 kilogram un, 3-4 kilogram peynir, 4 kilogram bulgur ve deterjan gibi erzak verdi\u011fi, di\u011fer san\u0131\u011f\u0131n da 2009 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar yiyecek, koyun, kitap, 2 dijital kamera ve 3 bin lira temin etti\u011fi olayda san\u0131klar taraf\u0131ndan temin edilen para ve di\u011fer e\u015fyalar\u0131n niteli\u011fi itibar\u0131yla 6415 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’da tan\u0131mlanan ‘fon’ kapsam\u0131nda oldu\u011fu dolay\u0131s\u0131yla san\u0131klar\u0131n, ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc mensuplar\u0131na fon sa\u011flamalar\u0131 \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen eylemlerinin ayn\u0131 Kanun’un 4. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen ter\u00f6rizmin finansman\u0131 su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funun kabul\u00fc gerekmektedir.”<\/p>\n
6415 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un, “ter\u00f6rizmin finansman\u0131 su\u00e7u” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 4. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131, “3. madde kapsam\u0131nda su\u00e7 olarak d\u00fczenlenen fiillerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesinde t\u00fcm\u00fcyle veya k\u0131smen kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla veya kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilerek ve isteyerek belli bir fiille ili\u015fkilendirilmeden dahi bir ter\u00f6riste veya ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine fon sa\u011flayan veya toplayan ki\u015fi, fiili daha a\u011f\u0131r cezay\u0131 gerektiren ba\u015fka bir su\u00e7 olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, be\u015f y\u0131ldan on y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.” h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu, ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc PKK mensuplar\u0131na erzak ve ya\u015fam malzemesi veren k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin eylemlerinin, “ter\u00f6rizmin finansman\u0131” su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa h\u00fckmetti. Kahramanmara\u015f’\u0131n Nurhak ve Elbistan il\u00e7eleri k\u0131rsal\u0131nda 2010’da g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerine teslim olan bir ter\u00f6rist, \u00f6rg\u00fct i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde kendilerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olanlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterebilece\u011fini belirterek itiraflarda bulundu. Ter\u00f6ristin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi b\u00f6lgedeki k\u00f6ylerde, yer g\u00f6sterme i\u015flemi yap\u0131ld\u0131, ter\u00f6rist k\u00f6yl\u00fclerle y\u00fczle\u015ftirildi. …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":278982,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6155,5005,349,6805],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-278981","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem","category-manset","category-son-dakika","category-turkiye"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278981","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=278981"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278981\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/278982"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=278981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=278981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=278981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}