\u0130ngiltere Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Boris Johnson’\u0131n se\u00e7im zaferiyle \u00fclkesinin Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n (Brexit) \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engel ortadan kalksa da ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k isteyen AB yanl\u0131s\u0131 \u0130sko\u00e7lar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesi, \u0130ngiltere, \u0130sko\u00e7ya, Galler ve Kuzey \u0130rlanda’dan olu\u015fan Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k’\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n
B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya adas\u0131n\u0131n kuzeyindeki \u0130sko\u00e7ya’dan yeniden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sesleri y\u00fckseliyor. Bunun en b\u00fcy\u00fck sebebini de \u0130ngiltere’nin “kontrol\u00fc geri almak” i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek istedi\u011fi Brexit olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n
Londra, Br\u00fcksel’in politikalar\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmak isterken \u0130sko\u00e7ya’n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmas\u0131 nedeniyle gergin g\u00fcnler ge\u00e7iriyor.<\/p>\n
\u0130sko\u00e7lar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k talebi ya da m\u00fccadelesi eskilere dayan\u0131yor. K\u00f6kenleri Keltlere dayanan \u0130sko\u00e7lar, tarih boyunca topraklar\u0131n\u0131 Saksonlar, Vikingler, Romal\u0131lar ve nihayetinde \u0130ngilizlere kar\u015f\u0131 savunmak zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zellikle \u0130sko\u00e7lar, \u0130ngilizlerle y\u00fczlerce y\u0131l bug\u00fcn Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k’\u0131n y\u00fczde 32’sini olu\u015fturan 77 bin 900 kilometrekarelik toprak i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etti.<\/p>\n
\u0130ngiliz krallar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130sko\u00e7 topraklar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irme hevesi, iki taraf\u0131 937-1575 y\u0131llar\u0131nda, yakla\u015f\u0131k 6 y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca say\u0131s\u0131z sava\u015fta kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirdi. <\/p>\n
\u0130ngiltere Kral\u0131 Birinci Edward’\u0131n ordusu ile William Wallace ve Andrew Murray liderli\u011findeki \u0130sko\u00e7 ordusu aras\u0131nda 1297’de yap\u0131lan Stirling K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc Muharebesi, \u0130sko\u00e7lar\u0131n zaferiyle sona erdi.<\/p>\n
Ancak 1298’de, Birinci Edward’\u0131n ordusu bu kez \u0130sko\u00e7lar\u0131 yenilgiye u\u011fratarak \u00f6nemli bir zafer elde etti.<\/p>\n
“\u0130sko\u00e7ya’n\u0131n koruyucusu” William Wallace 1305’te bir ihanet sonucu yakalan\u0131p idam edildi. William Wallace’\u0131n cesedinin par\u00e7a par\u00e7a edilmesi de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ate\u015fini s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmedi.<\/p>\n
Sadece 9 y\u0131l sonra \u0130sko\u00e7lar Kral Robert Bruce liderli\u011finde \u0130kinci Edward’\u0131n ordusunu Bannockburn Muharebesi’nde yenilgiye u\u011fratt\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130ki taraf aras\u0131ndaki sava\u015flar, 1603’te \u0130ngiliz Krali\u00e7esi Birinci Elizabeth’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan kuzeni ve \u0130sko\u00e7ya Kral\u0131 Alt\u0131nc\u0131 James’in \u0130ngiltere taht\u0131na oturmas\u0131na kadar devam etti.<\/p>\n
\u0130ki \u00fclkenin parlamentolar\u0131n\u0131n 1707’de Birlik Kanunu kabul etmesiyle de \u0130sko\u00e7ya ve \u0130ngiltere birle\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Ancak bu 3 y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k zorunlu birliktelik art\u0131k \u00e7at\u0131rd\u0131yor. 2014’te ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k reddedilse de Brexit’le beraber bu durumun de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n
2016 referandumunda y\u00fczde 62’yle Brexit’e kar\u015f\u0131 oy kullanan \u0130sko\u00e7lar\u0131n zorla AB’den \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen \u0130sko\u00e7 Ulusal Partisi (SNP) lideri ve \u0130sko\u00e7ya B\u00f6lgesel h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Nicola Sturgeon’un bu hafta yeni bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k referandumu i\u00e7in resmen giri\u015fimde bulunmas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/p>\n
Sturgeon, 12 Aral\u0131k’ta yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imde SNP’nin \u0130sko\u00e7ya’daki toplam 59 sandalyeden 48’ini kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 da “ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k talebinin ifadesi” oldu\u011funu savunuyor.<\/p>\n
Buna kar\u015f\u0131n 2014’teki referandumda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u00fczde 55’le reddedildi\u011fine dikkati \u00e7eken Ba\u015fbakan Boris Johnson ise yeni bir referanduma kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve buna izin vermeyeceklerini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Oysa \u0130sko\u00e7lar, referandumda “hay\u0131r” oyunun \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 AB’de kalma iste\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131yor ve Brexit ile bu sebebin de ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Eski AB Konseyi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Donald Tusk’un, g\u00f6revi b\u0131rakmas\u0131ndan g\u00fcnler \u00f6nce yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada “Brexit, \u0130ngiliz \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun sonu olabilir.” \u015feklindeki ifadesi de buna i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n
\u0130sko\u00e7ya’n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck engel, yeni bir referandum d\u00fczenlemek i\u00e7in 1998 tarihli \u0130sko\u00e7ya Yasas\u0131’n\u0131n 30. maddesi uyar\u0131nca \u0130ngiliz Parlamentosundan izin alma zorunlulu\u011fu.<\/p>\n
Muhafazakar Partinin 365 sandalyeyle \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu elinde bulundurdu\u011fu 650 \u00fcyeli parlamentodan b\u00f6yle bir iznin \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 imkans\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Brexit’in ard\u0131ndan 2021’de yap\u0131lacak \u0130sko\u00e7 Parlamentosu se\u00e7imlerini ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n kazanmas\u0131 durumunda daha da g\u00fc\u00e7lenecek olan ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n alternatif yollar deneyebilece\u011fi de\u011ferlendiriliyor.<\/p>\n
Bu se\u00e7eneklerden birini, ilgili yasaya kar\u015f\u0131 mahkemeye gitmek ve izin alma zorunlulu\u011funu ortadan kald\u0131rmak olu\u015fturuyor. \u0130sko\u00e7 siyaset\u00e7iler, b\u00f6yle bir giri\u015fimin ihtimal d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor.<\/p>\n
Di\u011fer bir yol ise merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmete ra\u011fmen referanduma gitmek ve olumlu sonu\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 halinde tek tarafl\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ilan etmek.<\/p>\n
Ancak bu Katalonya’da oldu\u011fu gibi gerginli\u011fe ve merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmetin sert tepkisine yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu durum ayn\u0131 zamanda Katalanlar gibi \u0130sko\u00e7lar\u0131n da AB’nin deste\u011fini kaybetmesine neden olabilir.<\/p>\n
Kendine has k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Kuzey Denizi’ndeki petrol sahalar\u0131, viskisi, tekstili, jet motorlar\u0131, bankac\u0131l\u0131k ve finansal hizmetleriyle dikkati \u00e7eken \u0130sko\u00e7ya, bu giri\u015fiminde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmasa bile tarihine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda pes edece\u011fe benzemiyor.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130ngiltere, AB’nin politikalar\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmak isterken \u0130sko\u00e7ya’n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131. \u0130sko\u00e7ya B\u00f6lgesel h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Sturgeon’un bu hafta ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k referandumu i\u00e7in resmen giri\u015fimde bulunmas\u0131 bekleniyor. \u0130ngiltere Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Boris Johnson’\u0131n se\u00e7im zaferiyle \u00fclkesinin Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n (Brexit) \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engel ortadan kalksa da ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k isteyen AB yanl\u0131s\u0131 \u0130sko\u00e7lar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesi, \u0130ngiltere, \u0130sko\u00e7ya, Galler ve Kuzey \u0130rlanda’dan olu\u015fan …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":284375,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6770,6155,5005,6202],"tags":[1719,1874,2353],"class_list":["post-284374","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-avrupa","category-gundem","category-manset","category-politika","tag-avrupa-birligi","tag-ingiltere","tag-iskocya"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284374","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=284374"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284374\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/284375"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=284374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=284374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=284374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}