{"id":85087,"date":"2011-10-15T16:01:07","date_gmt":"2011-10-15T13:01:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/?p=85087"},"modified":"2011-10-15T17:05:19","modified_gmt":"2011-10-15T14:05:19","slug":"friedrich-nietzsche-kimdir-video-biypgrafi-261","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/friedrich-nietzsche-kimdir-video-biypgrafi-261\/","title":{"rendered":"Friedrich Nietzsche Kimdir ? Nietzsche Video Biyografi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alman filozof Friedrich Nietzsche do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fcnde (15 Ekim 1844) t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada an\u0131l\u0131rken, Nietzsche ‘yi yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131mak isteyenler i\u00e7in bir biyografi haz\u0131rlad\u0131k.<\/h3>\n

Friedrich Nietzsche Kimdir ? \u0130\u015fte Nietzsche Video Biyografi;<\/h4>\n
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Friedrich Nietzsche , Gen\u00e7lik Y\u0131llar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

15 Ekim 1844’te do\u011fan Friedrich Nietzsche ‘nin annesi Franziska Oehler, babas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 ise Karl Ludwig idi. Babas\u0131 Protestan Kilisesinde papaz olan Nietzsche, Elisabeth ad\u0131nda bir k\u0131zkarde\u015fe ve Ludwig ad\u0131nda bir erkek karde\u015fe sahipti.<\/p>\n

Nietzsche ‘nin babas\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda bir t\u00fcm\u00f6r olu\u015fmas\u0131 ve h\u0131zla yay\u0131lmas\u0131 sebebiyle \u00f6nce g\u00f6zlerini kaybetti ard\u0131ndan da 1849 y\u0131l\u0131nda hayata veda etti.<\/p>\n

Friedrich’in erkek karde\u015fi Ludwig de 1850 y\u0131l\u0131nda hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. Nietzsche ailesinden iki ki\u015finin hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesiyle birlikte annesi ve k\u0131zkarde\u015fi ile birlikte Naumburg’a ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk \u00f6\u011frenimini B\u00fcrgerschule tamamlayan Friedrich Nietzsche, Gustav Krug ve Wilhelm Pinder ile arkada\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

M\u00fczi\u011fe olan \u00fcst\u00fcn yetene\u011fine ra\u011fmen, “M\u00fczikte s\u0131radan biri olmaktansa hi\u00e7 olmam” diyerek m\u00fczik kariyerini ba\u015flamadan bitiren Nietzsche, ilk eserini 1857 y\u0131l\u0131nda on \u00fc\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken yazd\u0131.<\/p>\n

1861 y\u0131l\u0131nda da kafas\u0131n\u0131 kurcalayan varolu\u015f sorular\u0131 \u00fczerine ilk \u015fiirini yazd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Teoloji ve klasik filoloji okumak i\u00e7in Bonn \u00dcniversitesi’ne giden Nietzsche o d\u00f6nemde Schopenhauer’in eserleriyle tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131. E\u011fitimine devam ederken de, Rheinisches Museum dergisinde yaz\u0131lar\u0131 yay\u0131nland\u0131. 1868’de y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenimini bitirdi.<\/p>\n

Nietzsche e\u011fitiminden sonra Basel \u00dcniversitesi’nden Filoloji profes\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olarak olduk\u00e7a c\u00f6mert bir teklif ald\u0131. 1869 y\u0131l\u0131nda Wagner, Nietzsche’yi, Tribschen’e davet etti.<\/p>\n

Noel i\u00e7in gitti\u011fi Wagner’lerde, ilk kitab\u0131 Die Geburt der Trag\u00f6die aus dem Geiste der Musik’i (M\u00fczi\u011fin Ruhundan Tragedyan\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015fu) yazmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

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Wagner Muzesi, Tribschen<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

<\/h4>\n

Nietzsche ‘nin Tribschen hayranl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h4>\n

\u0130svi\u00e7re ‘deki Tribschen ve Luzern ‘den olduk\u00e7a etkilenen Nietzsche ‘nin, bu \u015fehirleri s\u0131k s\u0131k ziyaret etti\u011fi bilinir.<\/p>\n

Tribschen ‘de vakit ge\u00e7irmeyi \u00e7ok seven Nietzsche baz\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde burada ya\u015fad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Tribschen ‘e gitti\u011finde arkada\u015f\u0131 Wagner’ in villas\u0131nda kalan Nietzsche buras\u0131n\u0131;<\/p>\n

” Tribschen, mutlu insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 o ada”<\/strong> diyerek tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Luzern, ayr\u0131ca \u015fimdilerde g\u00f6l k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir turistik merkez durumunda.<\/p>\n

“Kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda devlet var. Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 insana utan\u00e7 verici. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc devlet insanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu i\u00e7in kurumak bilmeyen bir ac\u0131 kuyusu, ikide bir buhranlara salarak onlar\u0131 t\u00fcketen bir alev. Ne var ki, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmaya g\u00f6rs\u00fcn, ruhlar\u0131m\u0131z kendilerini unutuyor; kanl\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar ko\u015fa ko\u015fa gidiyor, kahraman oluyorlar.”<\/h4>\n
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Friedrich Nietzsche, Asker \u00dcniformas\u0131yla<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Daha sonra Alpler’e giden Nietzsche, Prusya vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u0130svi\u00e7re vatanda\u015f\u0131 oldu ve Prusya Fransa sava\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc s\u0131hhiye eri olarak kat\u0131ld\u0131. Sava\u015f\u0131 Fransa kaybetti ve Nietzsche sava\u015fta, difteri ve dizanteri hastal\u0131klar\u0131na yakaland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sonra Nietzsche Basel’e geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc ve \u00dcniversitede Homer ve Klasik Filoloji konular\u0131nda dersler vermeye devam etti.Nietzsche burada Franz Overbeck ile de tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Overbeck, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne kadar Nietzsche’nin arkada\u015f\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

Nietzsche, ilk kitab\u0131 M\u00fczi\u011fin Ruhundan Tragedya’n\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015fu’nu bitirdi ve kitab\u0131 1872’de yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Nietzsche ‘nin kitab\u0131 akademik \u00e7evrelerce \u00e7ok be\u011fenilmedi ve hatta kitap hakk\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131r ele\u015ftiriler de yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

1872 ve 1876 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaysa Nietzsche, \u00c7a\u011fa Ayk\u0131r\u0131 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler d\u00f6rtlemesini yay\u0131nlad\u0131. D\u00f6rtlemeyi yay\u0131nlad\u0131ktan sonra Nietzsche, Paul Ree ve Hans von B\u00fclov, Malthilda von Maysenburg gibi isimlerle tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

1875’ten 1899’a kadar ini\u015f \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fl\u0131 ve bunal\u0131ml\u0131 d\u00f6nemler ge\u00e7irdi<\/h4>\n

1878’de evlenme teklifi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sevgilisinden ret cevab\u0131 ald\u0131. Daha sonra sa\u011fl\u0131k problemleri \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve durumunun a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fmas\u0131yla birlikte \u00fcniversiteden istifa etti. Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na uygun yer arad\u0131. Sils Maria, Cenova, Rapolla, Tunus, Turin ve Nice \u015fehirleri bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1887’de Ahlak’\u0131n Soyk\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00dczerine adl\u0131 eserini bitirdi. Dostoyevski’nin eserleriyle tan\u0131\u015fan ve \u00e7ok etkilenen Nietzsche 1886 y\u0131l\u0131nda, \u0130yinin ve K\u00f6t\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00d6tesinde adl\u0131 eserini bitirdi\u011fini, G\u00fc\u00e7 \u0130stenci eserini de yazmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca Deccal ve Putlar\u0131n Alacakaranl\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserlerine de ba\u015flad\u0131. Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir s\u00fcreli\u011fine d\u00fczelen Nietzsche yaz ay\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi ge\u00e7irdi .Olduk\u00e7a \u00fcretken zamanlar ya\u015fayan \u00a0Nietzsche, 1888’den itibaren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 “kendi durumu” ve “kaderi” \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

44. do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fcnde, Putlar\u0131n Alacakaranl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Deccal eserlerini de bitirdi.<\/p>\n

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Nietzsche, Turin 'de Klinik 'te<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

3 Ocak 1889’da polis taraf\u0131ndan karga\u015fa \u00e7\u0131karmaktan tutuklanan Nietzsche ‘nin nas\u0131l bir olaya kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmemektedir. Fakat iddialar, Nietzsche’nin k\u0131rba\u00e7lanmakta olan bir ata sar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve a\u011flayarak onu korumaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, sonra yere y\u0131\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feklindedir.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu tats\u0131z olay\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Nietzsche, “Mutsuz Mektuplar” olarak bilinen mektuplar\u0131n\u0131 kaleme ald\u0131. Alman imparatorundan Papal\u0131k’a kadar pek \u00e7ok yere mektup yazd\u0131.3 Ocak’ta Buckhard, Nietzsche’nin mektuplar\u0131ndan durumunu anlad\u0131 ve onu Basel’de bir klini\u011fe yat\u0131rd\u0131. Daha sonra annesi onu “Jena”‘daki bir klini\u011fe nakil ettirdi. Fakat doktorlar, Nietzsche’nin durumunun umutsuz oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 uzmanlara g\u00f6re sifilis sebebiyle hastalanan Nietzsche, bir s\u00fcre sonra zihinsel yetilerini t\u00fcm\u00fcyle kabetti. Felsefcilere g\u00f6re bu hastal\u0131k Nietzsche’nin baz\u0131 eserlerindeki fikri tutars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n da sebebi.On bir y\u0131l boyunca bitkisel denebilecek bir hayat s\u00fcren Nietzsche, 25 A\u011fustos 1900 tarihinde hayata veda etti.<\/p>\n

“Kendinden hi\u00e7 s\u00f6z etmemek \u00e7ok soylu bir ikiy\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fckt\u00fcr”<\/h4>\n

“\u0130nan\u00e7lar hakikat d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 olarak, yalanlardan daha tehlikelidir”<\/h4>\n

Nietzsche’nin felsefesi<\/h5>\n

Nietzsche’nin felsefe \u00f6\u011fretisi, kendi \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na t\u00fcmden bir kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Kendisinin b\u00fct\u00fcn derdi, insan\u0131 ak\u0131lc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n k\u0131skac\u0131ndan kurtar\u0131p kendisi \u00fczerinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Ona g\u00f6re Tanr\u0131 \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ve insanlar D\u00fcnya’da yapayaln\u0131z kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden insanlar Tanr\u0131’dan bekledikleri umut ve istekleri bir kenara b\u0131rak\u0131p kendilerini D\u00fcnya’ya adamal\u0131lar. B\u00f6ylelikle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ile ya\u015fam aras\u0131nda ba\u011f kurulmas\u0131 daha kolay olur.<\/p>\n[media id=1411 width=610 height=340]\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alman filozof Friedrich Nietzsche do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fcnde t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada an\u0131l\u0131rken, Friedrich Nietzsche ‘yi yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131mak isteyenler i\u00e7in bir biyografi haz\u0131rlad\u0131k.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":187269,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[61002,5005,342],"tags":[82909],"class_list":["post-85087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biyografi","category-manset","category-video","tag-friedrich-nietzsche"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=85087"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85087\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/187269"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=85087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=85087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=85087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}