{"id":86809,"date":"2011-10-31T09:54:10","date_gmt":"2011-10-31T07:54:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/?p=86809"},"modified":"2019-03-28T10:41:56","modified_gmt":"2019-03-28T07:41:56","slug":"centre-pompidou-paris-sanat-muzesi-1526","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/centre-pompidou-paris-sanat-muzesi-1526\/","title":{"rendered":"CENTRE POMPIDOU: Paris\u2019in \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ve g\u00fcncel sanat m\u00fczesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/h4>\n

NationalTurk yorumcusu akademisyen Dr. \u00d6zkan Ero\u011flu \u2018nun bu haftaki \u201cCENTRE POMPIDOU: Paris\u2019in \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ve g\u00fcncel sanat m\u00fczesi \u201d adl\u0131 makalesini payla\u015f\u0131yoruz.<\/h4>\n

CENTRE POMPIDOU: Paris\u2019in \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ve g\u00fcncel sanat m\u00fczesi<\/h5>\n

Centre Pompidou, alt\u0131 katl\u0131 bir olu\u015fum. Olu\u015fuma i\u00e7eriden girilerek ula\u015f\u0131lan ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan da g\u00f6r\u00fclen y\u00fcr\u00fcyen merdivenlerle \u00e7\u0131k\u0131l\u0131yor. Olu\u015fumun alt\u0131nc\u0131 kat\u0131, de\u011fi\u015fimli sergilere ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Bu koleksiyonun \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerden olu\u015ftu\u011funu g\u00f6zl\u00fcyoruz:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Pompidou 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0130lk b\u00f6l\u00fcm ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201c1905-1915 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda Fovizm\u2019den Soyut Sanat\u2019a\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bu grubun i\u00e7ine baz\u0131 Alman d\u0131\u015favurumcular\u0131 da dahil edilmi\u015f. Burada, Kirchner, Kandinsky, Derain, Robert ve Sonia Delaunay, Leger, Kupka, Severini, Malevich, Picabia gibi isimler g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte. Bu noktada, L\u00e9ger\u2019ye ve Delaunay\u2019lara \u00f6zel salonlar d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f.<\/p>\n

Fakat bu a\u015famada bir \u015fey \u00e7ok dikkati \u00e7ekiyor. Robert ve Sonia Delaunay bir kar\u0131 koca. Asl\u0131nda Robert, hep \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan isim. Buna ra\u011fmen, Pompidou\u2019da Sonia Delaunay\u2019a g\u00f6sterilen ilgi \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck.<\/p>\n

Bunun nedeni, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131la gelene dek d\u00fcnyada kad\u0131n ressamlar\u0131n azl\u0131\u011f\u0131, hatta kad\u0131n ressamlar\u0131n \u0131srarla \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 bir tepki olabilir mi acaba?<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Pompidou 2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201c1908-1920 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda K\u00fcbizm\u2019den Konstr\u00fcktivizm\u2019e\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Picasso ve Braque\u2019\u0131n yap\u0131tlar\u0131 \u00e7ekmekte. Yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Laurens, Duchamp, Arp, Hausmann, Schwitters, Grosz, Man Ray, Ernst, Pevsner gibi isimlerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da kendini g\u00f6steriyor. Bu ba\u015fl\u0131kta, dadaist tavr\u0131n sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 ilgin\u00e7ti. Yap\u0131salc\u0131l\u0131k i\u00e7inde, yeni bir d\u00fcnya yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n iddias\u0131n\u0131 yapan dadaistlerin bir b\u00fcy\u00fck sergisindeki kitaba da kapak olmu\u015f Hausmann\u2019\u0131n, \u201cMekanik Kafa\u201d isimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok dikkat \u00e7ekti\u011fi belirtilmeli. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde dikkati \u00e7eken ikinci bir \u015fey de, Duchamp\u2019\u0131n Beuys\u2019u ne \u00e7ok etkiledi\u011fi savlamas\u0131na tan\u0131k olunmas\u0131. Arp\u2019\u0131n ise \u201cTrousse d\u2019un Da\u201d isimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, m\u00fcthi\u015f bir yap\u0131t olarak izlenebiliyor.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201c1911-1930 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda K\u00fcbizm\u2019den S\u00fcrrealizm\u2019e\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131makta. Buradaki \u00f6rneklerin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 gene Picasso ve Braque \u00e7ekerken, Hausmann\u2019\u0131n kolajlar\u0131, Mir\u00f3\u2019nun s\u00fcrrealist yap\u0131tlar\u0131, Magritte\u2019in tan\u0131mlamalar\u0131, Picabia\u2019n\u0131n grafik duyarl\u0131l\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131yan i\u015fleri art arda gelmekte. Buradaki k\u00fcbist \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda, \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu malzemelere de yer verilmi\u015f. Gene ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Hausmann\u2019\u0131n kolaj anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 da, s\u00f6z konusu k\u00fcbist \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara destek verir nitelikler ta\u015f\u0131makta.
\nD\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201c1916-1933 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda Dada ve Bauhaus\u201d. Bu ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda Tatlin ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, Doesburg, Vantongerloo, Mondrian, Klee, Lissitzky, Moholy-Nagy, Kobro gibi isimlerin yap\u0131tlar\u0131 bulunuyor. Buradaki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda bir konstr\u00fcktif \u015fema, alt yap\u0131da iyice dikkatleri \u00e7ekmekte. \u00d6zellikle geometrik formlu yakla\u015f\u0131mlar s\u00f6z konusu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Pompidou 3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Be\u015finci b\u00f6l\u00fcm ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201c1919-1947 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda Realist Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve Ekspresyonist Soyutlama\u201d. Dix, Chirico, Picasso, Schad, Brauner, Giacometti, Dali, Ernst, Matta, Gorky, Masson gibi sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n yap\u0131tlar\u0131 yer al\u0131yor. Dix\u2019in 1920\u2019lerin Almanya\u2019s\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftiren ger\u00e7ek alt yap\u0131l\u0131 resimlerinden biri, Gorky gibilerin de ekspresyonist soyutlamaya olan bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ortaya konuldu\u011fu baz\u0131 \u00f6zel durumlar, bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde iyice \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

Alt\u0131nc\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201c1925-1965 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda Brancusi ve Ekspresyonist Soyutlama\u201d. Burada Matisse r\u00f6lyefleri, Kooning, Giacometti ve Richier heykelleri, Lipchitz\u2019in \u00fc\u00e7 boyuta ve heykele bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyan alg\u0131s\u0131, Brancusi\u2019nin sembolik \u00f6zellikler ta\u015f\u0131yan soyutlamalar\u0131, Gonzalez\u2019in heykelde, Fautrier ve Dubuffet\u2019in de resimlerindeki ekspresyonist soyutlamalar, Bacon\u2019\u0131n fig\u00fcratif soyutlamalar\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015favurumsal yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, Calder\u2019in heykel anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yerle bir eden ve havada as\u0131l\u0131 duran soyutlama nesnelerle olu\u015fturdu\u011fu sal\u0131n\u0131ml\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlular\u0131, Hartung\u2019un soyut d\u0131\u015favurumcu boyamalar\u0131, Pollock\u2019un aksiyonlar\u0131, Newmann ve Kelly\u2019nin d\u00fcz ve renkli alanlara dayal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Rothko ve Tapies\u2019nin renk alan\u0131na ve tuval d\u00fczlemindeki s\u00fcrprizlere a\u00e7\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Soulages ve Mathieau\u2019nin d\u0131\u015favurumsal soyutlar\u0131, Klein\u2019in soyutlamaya bak\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler, Manzoni ve Fontana gibi isimlerin doku felsefesine dayal\u0131 yap\u0131tlar\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Bu arada Yves Klein i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir salon d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f. Bu salonda, mavi bir heykeli cam gerisine, mavi kad\u0131n v\u00fccutlar\u0131n\u0131 boyaya bat\u0131rarak elde etti\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir resmi g\u00f6r\u00fclebiliyor. Yan\u0131 s\u0131ra iki monit\u00f6rden video kanal\u0131yla yay\u0131nlanan, resimlerinin nas\u0131l olu\u015fturuldu\u011funa dair performanslar izlenmeye de\u011fer. Bir monit\u00f6rde yerdeki boyalara, anadan do\u011fma \u00e7\u0131plak kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p, daha sonra bu kad\u0131nlar\u0131n gidip resim y\u00fczeylerine de\u011fmeleriyle elde edilen, rastlant\u0131ya a\u00e7\u0131k, fakat bir performans\u0131 i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir geli\u015fmenin sonucunda elde edilen bir estetik ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131yor. Di\u011fer bir monit\u00f6rde ise, gene anadan do\u011fma bir kad\u0131n\u0131n bo\u015f tuval d\u00fczlemi \u00f6n\u00fcnde belli duru\u015flar sergileyerek ve Klein\u2019in bu duru\u015flar\u0131 belli bir kimyasalla konturlamas\u0131, daha sonra konturlanan b\u00f6lgenin harl\u0131 bir ate\u015fle \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmak suretiyle baz\u0131 primitif lekelerin elde edilmesi izleniyor. Bir de Klein\u2019in kendisine \u00f6zg\u00fc ve tescil ettirdi\u011fi o mavisini yak\u0131ndan g\u00f6rmek, ger\u00e7ekten Pompidou\u2019yu daha da etkileyici k\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Pompidou 4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Yedinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c1947-1975 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda Pop Art, Yeni Realizm ve Anlat\u0131mc\u0131 Fig\u00fcr\u201d.<\/p>\n

Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm, Schwitters, Monory, Rancillac, Jasper Johns, Rauschenberg, Oldenburg, Lichtenstein, Warhol, Segal, Edward Kienholz, Hains, Spoerri, Raysse, Arman, Cesar, Tinguely gibi isimlerin yap\u0131tlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fuyor. M\u00fcze koleksiyonuna giri\u015f d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc kattan idi. Burada sizi ilk kar\u015f\u0131layan zaten b\u00fcy\u00fck bir Tinguely yerle\u015ftirmesi. Daha ilk giri\u015fte izleyiciyi \u015fok eden bu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, yeni bir dilin temsilcili\u011fini \u00fcstlendi\u011fini t\u00fcm a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

Sekizinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c1975 Sonras\u0131\u201d olarak nitelenebilir. Armleder, Fischl, Frize, Gilles Barbier, Roman Signer, Veilhan, Ugo Rondinone, Fischli, Gabriel Orozco vb. gibi isimlerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yer almakta.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Pompidou 5<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Pompidou\u2019da, \u00f6zellikle dikkati \u00e7eken noktalar var. Birincisi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00e7ok iyi tan\u0131nan Sarkis\u2019in bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na yer verilmi\u015f. \u0130kinci ve \u00f6nemli bir \u015fey ise, \u0130talyan sanat tavr\u0131 olan Arte Povera\u2019ya tan\u0131nan estetik olanaklar. Belki, en b\u00fcy\u00fck salonlardan biri Arte Povera\u2019ya ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Tabii burada en \u00e7ok ilgilendi\u011fim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u015f\u00fcphesiz Giovanni Anselmo\u2019nun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 oldu. O k\u0131v\u0131rc\u0131k salatal\u0131 mermerli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma. Her g\u00fcn olmasa da belirli aral\u0131klarla de\u011fi\u015ftirilen o k\u0131v\u0131rc\u0131k salata, bir \u015feylerin s\u00f6ylemini yapmaya devam ediyordu hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz. \u0130talyanlar\u0131n 20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda f\u00fct\u00fcrizmin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda pek bir \u015fey yapamad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenir, ama bence, do\u011faya ba\u015fka g\u00f6zle bakan Arte Povera\u2019c\u0131lar, ele\u015ftirmenleri Celant\u2019\u0131n dedi\u011fi gibi ger\u00e7ekten \u201cbirer b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fc\u201d. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir \u015feyse sanatta anti-art meselesinin Pompidou olu\u015fumunun genel yarg\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7inde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck pay. Bu m\u00fczedeki Hausmann\u2019a ait \u00e7ok merkez bir yap\u0131t olan \u201cMekanik Kafa\u201d gibi \u00e7ok iddial\u0131 bir dada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve onun gibi dadaist yap\u0131tlar, gene anti-art meselesini destekleyen ve bu y\u00f6nde m\u00fcthi\u015f \u00f6zellikler g\u00f6steren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc bir \u015feyse \u015fuydu: Pompidou\u2019yu di\u011fer \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f m\u00fcze olu\u015fumlar\u0131ndan ay\u0131ran en \u00f6nemli yan\u0131, hep kendine -m\u00fcze ve m\u00fczecilik stratejilerine- g\u00f6re iddial\u0131 ve bir s\u00f6ylemi olan\u0131 ele almalar\u0131 olmu\u015f. Tek ba\u015f\u0131na Warhol\u2019\u00fcn enine uzayan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 bile, koleksiyonun sergilendi\u011fi giri\u015f kat\u0131nda bir s\u00f6ylem arz etmekte. Gene yan yana dizilen Matisse r\u00f6lyefleri de farkl\u0131 bir duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n izlerini ta\u015f\u0131yor. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Matisse\u2019e ait 1914 y\u0131l\u0131na tarihli \u201cPorte-fenetre a Collioure\u201d isimli -kimilerine g\u00f6re \u201ccolor field (renk alan\u0131)\u201d tarz\u0131, kimilerine g\u00f6re soyut- \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, ilgin\u00e7 bir duruma \u00f6nderlik ediyor. \u0130\u015fte bu a\u00e7\u0131dan Matisse\u2019in \u00f6nemi, Frans\u0131z ve d\u00fcnya sanat\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck. Yves Klein\u2019in getirdi\u011fi bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 da 1950\u2019li y\u0131llar ve \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne dek olan s\u00fcre\u00e7te hayli ilgin\u00e7 ve ilgin\u00e7 oldu\u011fu kadar ilerici.<\/p>\n

Dr. \u00d6zkan Ero\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

NationalTurk yorumcusu akademisyen Dr. \u00d6zkan Ero\u011flu \u2018nun bu haftaki \u201cCENTRE POMPIDOU: Paris\u2019in \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ve g\u00fcncel sanat m\u00fczesi \u201d adl\u0131 makalesini payla\u015f\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9192214,"featured_media":187028,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6221,5005,6670],"tags":[84110,21528,84107,12,62210],"class_list":["post-86809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur","category-manset","category-sanat","tag-arp","tag-ernst","tag-kubizm","tag-paris","tag-picasso"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86809","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9192214"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=86809"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86809\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/187028"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=86809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalturk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=86809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}